(Image credit: Mauro Huculak)
On Windows 10, virtual memory (or paging file) is an essential component (hidden file) designed to remove and temporarily store less frequently used modified pages allocated in RAM (Random-Access Memory) to the hard drive. Using this approach lets the system prioritize faster physical memory for more frequent processes and apps, improving the overall performance and preventing the computer from locking up in the event it runs out of system memory.
In addition, the paging file is important to support crash dumps during a system crash (Blue Screen of Death), as without a large enough page file, a dump with all the contents of the system memory won’t be created.
Although the system can manage the paging file size automatically according to various factors, sometimes, you may still need to increase the default virtual memory values manually. For example, when you see the «Your system is low on virtual memory» message. You’re noticing slow performance over time, or a particular application requires specific parameters to work correctly.
If the computer has issues with virtual memory, the device doesn’t have enough memory, or you’re trying to improve the system performance, Windows 10 includes the settings to increase the size of the virtual memory in at least two ways using the Settings app and Command Prompt.
In this how-to guide, I will walk you through the steps to increase the size of the virtual memory to improve Windows 10 responsiveness.
Warning: Although anyone can change the paging file size, using these instructions is only recommended if you have a valid reason and know what you’re doing.
How to increase virtual memory form Settings
To adjust the virtual memory size on Windows 10, use these steps:
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- Open Settings.
- Click on System.
- Click on About.
- Click the «Advanced system settings» option under the «Related settings» section.
- Click the Advanced tab.
- Click the Settings button under the «Performance» section.
- Click the Advanced tab.
- Click the Change button under the «Virtual memory» section.
- Clear the «Automatically manage paging files size for all drives» option.
- Select the Custom size option.
- Specify the initial and maximum size for the paging file in megabytes.
- Quick tip: The virtual memory size is unique to each device and can’t be generalized. However, usually, it’s recommended to use a number that’s one and a half times the total available memory for the «Initial size» and three times the available memory for the «Maximum size» when possible. You also have to make sure that the device has enough free space to store the new page file.
- Click the Set button.
- Click the OK button.
- Click the OK button again.
- Restart your device.
Once you complete the steps, you should notice an increase in performance when navigating Windows 10 as well as when running multiple apps at the same time.
If you need to revert the changes, you can use the same instructions, but on step 10, check the «Automatically manage paging size for all drives» option and restart your device.
How to increase virtual memory from Command Prompt
To modify the paging file size with Command Prompt, use these steps:
- Open Start.
- Search for Command Prompt, right-click the top result, and select the Run as administrator option.
- Type the following command to understand the current status of the paging file and press Enter: wmic pagefile list /format:list
- Type the following command to switch from manage to custom virtual memory and press Enter: wmic computersystem where name=»%computername%» set AutomaticManagedPagefile=false
- Type the following command to set the initial and maximum size of the virtual memory and press Enter: wmic pagefileset where name=»C:\\pagefile.sys» set InitialSize=YOUR-INIT-SIZE,MaximumSize=YOUR-MAX-SIZE
This example sets the paging file to «9216» and «12288» megabytes for the initial and maxium size: wmic pagefileset where name=»C:\\pagefile.sys» set InitialSize=9216,MaximumSize=12288
- Type the following command to restart your computer and press Enter: shutdown -r -t 00
After you complete the steps, the device will start using the new values for virtual memory, which, if done correctly, should help to improve system performance.
If you no longer need to use the custom size for virtual memory, you can always revert the changes and allow Windows 10 to manage this feature using this command: wmic computersystem where name=»%computername%» set AutomaticManagedPagefile=true and restart the computer.
While it’s recommended to use one and a half times the available memory for the initial and three times the memory for the maximum size, make sure to test the changes and adjust the values if you’re experiencing freezes, crashes, and other problems.
Although it’s possible to disable virtual memory on Windows 10, even when you have a large amount of system memory, it’s not recommended to disable this feature. Usually, if you disable paging file, some applications may stop working, some system features may not work efficiently, and you may end up with some weird behaviors.
More resources
For more helpful articles, coverage, and answers to common questions about Windows 10 and Windows 11, visit the following resources:
- Windows 11 on Windows Central — All you need to know
- Windows 10 on Windows Central — All you need to know
Mauro Huculak has been a Windows How-To Expert contributor for WindowsCentral.com for nearly a decade and has over 15 years of experience writing comprehensive guides. He also has an IT background and has achieved different professional certifications from Microsoft, Cisco, VMware, and CompTIA. He has been recognized as a Microsoft MVP for many years.
Updated February 13, 2025
Optimizing Virtual Memory in Windows has always been an easy way to fine-tune the performance of a computer. When I started working with Windows computers in the 90s, the memory measurement was Megabytes (MB); now, it’s Gigabytes (GB). The calculation contained in this article is for Windows computers that have 8 GB or less of memory. If your system has 16 GB or more of memory, you can give this Virtual Memory calculation a try, but you might find that letting Windows automatically manage the paging file will work. Give it a try, and let us know how you make out in the comments below.
Your computer has two types of memory: Random Access Memory (RAM) and Virtual Memory. All programs use RAM, but when there isn’t enough RAM for the application you’re trying to run, Windows temporarily moves information that would usually be stored in RAM to a file on your hard disk called a Paging File. The data temporarily stored in the paging file is also referred to as virtual memory. Using virtual memory, in other words, moving information to and from the paging file, frees up enough RAM for running programs correctly.
The more RAM your computer has, the faster your programs will generally run. If a lack of RAM is slowing your computer, you might be tempted to increase virtual memory to compensate. However, your computer can read data from RAM much faster than from a drive, so adding RAM is a better solution.
If you receive error messages that warn of low virtual memory, you need to add more RAM or increase your paging file size to run the program on your computer. Windows usually manages this automatically, but you can manually change the virtual memory size if the default size isn’t large enough for your needs.
If you have more than one drive in your computer, you can have more than one pagefile. If you have a Solid State Drive (SSD) and a Hard Disk Drive (HDD), I recommend placing the paging file on the HDD, as Windows is continuously reads and writes to the virtual memory. This wear and tear can shorten the life span of an SSD.
How to calculate Windows 10 Virtual Memory / Paging File
There is a formula for calculating the correct pagefile size. The Initial size is one and a half (1.5) x the amount of total system memory. The Maximum size is three (3) x the initial size. So let’s say you have 4 GB (1 GB = 1,024 MB x 4 = 4,096 MB) of memory. The initial size would be 1.5 x 4,096 = 6,144 MB, and the maximum size would be 3 x 6,144 = 18,432 MB.
How to change Windows 10 Virtual Memory / Paging File
All the information and links you will need are going to be on the System page.
- Bring up the System page by either:
- Make a note of the installed memory (RAM)
- Click on the Advanced system settings link
- Click on the Advanced tab of the System Properties dialog box
- Click on the Settings … button in the Performance section
- Click on the Advanced tab of the Performance Options dialog box
- Click on the Change … button inside of the Virtual memory section
- Deselect the Automatically manage paging file size for all drives checkbox
- Select Custom size and enter the initial size and maximum size using the calculation shown above
- Click on the Set button
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Setting virtual memory in Windows 10 can help improve your computer’s performance, especially if you frequently run out of RAM. In simple terms, virtual memory is a portion of your hard drive that Windows uses as if it were RAM. To set virtual memory, you’ll need to access your computer’s system settings and adjust the virtual memory settings.
Adjusting virtual memory settings in Windows 10 involves several straightforward steps. These steps will guide you through accessing the necessary settings and configuring virtual memory to optimize your system’s performance.
Step 1: Open System Properties
First, right-click on “This PC” and select “Properties.”
When you right-click on “This PC” (or “My Computer” on older versions), you’ll see a menu. Selecting “Properties” will open a window that gives you an overview of your computer’s system information.
Step 2: Access Advanced System Settings
In the System Properties window, click on “Advanced system settings.”
This option is usually located on the left-hand side of the window. Clicking it will open a new window with more detailed system settings.
Step 3: Open Performance Settings
Under the “Advanced” tab, click on the “Settings” button in the Performance section.
The Performance section is where you can tweak how Windows handles visual effects and virtual memory. Clicking “Settings” will open another window focused on performance options.
Step 4: Adjust Virtual Memory Settings
In the Performance Options window, click on the “Advanced” tab and then click “Change” under Virtual memory.
Here, you’ll find the settings to adjust virtual memory. Clicking “Change” will open the Virtual Memory settings window.
Step 5: Set Custom Size
Uncheck “Automatically manage paging file size for all drives,” select your drive, and choose “Custom size.” Enter initial and maximum sizes, then click “Set” and “OK.”
Disabling the automatic management allows you to manually set the virtual memory size. Make sure to enter values that suit your needs, generally 1.5 to 3 times your actual RAM.
After completing these steps, your computer will use the new virtual memory settings. You may need to restart your computer to apply these changes.
Tips for Setting Virtual Memory in Windows 10
- Know Your RAM Size: Always know the amount of physical RAM in your computer. This will help you set an appropriate size for virtual memory.
- Use SSD if Available: If you have an SSD, set your virtual memory on that drive for better performance.
- Don’t Overdo It: Setting virtual memory too high can actually hurt performance as much as a low setting can.
- Monitor Performance: Keep an eye on your computer’s performance after making changes. Adjust as needed.
- Keep it Updated: Regularly check and update your virtual memory settings as you upgrade your hardware.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is virtual memory?
Virtual memory is a portion of your hard drive that Windows uses as if it were RAM to help manage workloads when your physical RAM is full.
How much virtual memory should I set?
A good rule of thumb is to set it to 1.5 to 3 times your actual RAM.
Will virtual memory improve my computer’s performance?
Yes, setting virtual memory correctly can improve performance, especially if you run out of RAM frequently.
Can I disable virtual memory?
Yes, but it’s not recommended as it can lead to system instability and crashes.
Do I need to restart after changing virtual memory settings?
Yes, a restart is usually required to apply the new virtual memory settings.
Summary
- Right-click on “This PC” and select “Properties.”
- Click on “Advanced system settings.”
- Click “Settings” under Performance.
- Click the “Advanced” tab and then “Change” under Virtual memory.
- Uncheck “Automatically manage,” set custom size, and click “Set” and “OK.”
Conclusion
Setting virtual memory in Windows 10 is a simple yet effective way to optimize your computer’s performance. Whether you’re a gamer, a professional, or just someone who wants their computer to run smoothly, adjusting virtual memory can make a noticeable difference.
Remember, virtual memory is like a pressure valve for your RAM, helping to manage overflow when things get busy. By following our easy steps and tips, you can ensure your system runs like a well-oiled machine. Want more tips on optimizing your Windows 10 experience? Stay tuned for more articles!
Matt Jacobs has been working as an IT consultant for small businesses since receiving his Master’s degree in 2003. While he still does some consulting work, his primary focus now is on creating technology support content for SupportYourTech.com.
His work can be found on many websites and focuses on topics such as Microsoft Office, Apple devices, Android devices, Photoshop, and more.
If you’ve noticed that your computer starts to slow down when you open multiple applications or perform demanding tasks, you probably need to optimize the virtual memory of your system. Windows 11 It has a feature that can be key to improving performance: the virtual RAMIn this article we will explain in detail what it is, how it works and how you can manage it in the best way to enjoy a more efficient PC.
La virtual memory It is not something exclusive to Windows; is found in most of the OS, but in this particular case, it is especially useful to alleviate the workload on the RAM physics. However, this does not mean that it is a magic solution, and as we will see later, it has its limits and aspects to consider in order to adjust it correctly.
What is virtual RAM and what is it used for?
La virtual RAM is an additional resource that Windows uses when the RAM The physical capacity of a computer is close to its maximum capacity. Basically, it uses a space of the HDD o SSD to temporarily store data that is not being actively used, thereby freeing up space on the RAM main for more immediate tasks. This process prevents blockages and improves the overall fluidity of the system.
For example, if you are working on multiple heavy applications like video editors or video games, the virtual memory will retain data that does not require immediate access, leaving the RAM physics to focus on the current tasks. However, it is important to keep in mind that the speed of the hard drives y SSD is not comparable with that of the RAM memories, so it depends exclusively on the virtual memory can create bottlenecks.
Advantages of using virtual memory
- Greater multitasking capacity: You can run more programs simultaneously without experiencing slowdowns.
- Heavy Application Support: La virtual memory allows demanding programs to run even on computers with RAM limited.
- Economic savings: Expand the RAM Physical is often more expensive than adjusting the size of the virtual memory.
- Sustainability for older equipment: On computers where it is not possible to expand the RAM, the virtual memory acts as an additional resource.
How to configure virtual memory in Windows 11?
Customize the virtual memory Setting up your computer may seem like a complex task, but Windows 11 has made the process much easier. Below, we detail the steps you should follow to adjust it optimally:
- Press the keys Windows + I to open the Configuration of the System.
- In section System, select the option About.
- Find and click Advanced System Settings.
- In the window that opens, go to the tab Advanced and click Configuration within the section of performance.
- Access the tab again Advanced and select Change in the section of virtual memory.
- In the new window, uncheck the box that says Automatically manage paging file size for all drives.
- Select a unit of storage and check the option Custom size. Enter the values for Initial size y Maximum sizeThe general recommendation is that the initial size should be 1,5 times your RAM and the maximum, 3 times.
- Press Define and save the changes. You may need to restart your computer for the settings to apply.
Myths and realities about virtual memory
Over the years, numerous myths have been created around the use of virtual memorySome of them have some truth, but many others are completely false. Below we debunk some of them:
The more virtual memory, the better performance
False. While having paging space is useful, too much paging space is virtual memory does not improve performance, especially if you already have enough RAM physics. Also, by using too much virtual memory, processing speed may decrease due to the time it takes to move data between the RAM and the storage.
It is preferable to disable virtual memory
In most cases, disabling the virtual memory It is not recommended. If your computer runs out of power, RAM and it doesn’t have a swap file, it can crash or freeze, making it difficult to recover your work.
Using virtual memory damages hard drives
Currently, the discs SSD Modern ones are tough enough to handle the virtual memory without any problems. However, it is always advisable to make regular backups.
Tips to optimize virtual memory
To get the most out of the virtual memory, here are some practical tips:
- Suitable location: If you have multiple drives in your computer, place the paging file in the fastest and least busy unit.
- Avoid partitions: Do not use partitioned disks for virtual memory, as this may affect performance.
- Custom size: Adjust the size so that it does not take up more space than necessary, following the rule of 1,5x to 3x the RAM physics.
- update your hardware: If you notice that apps are still running slowly, consider increasing the RAM physics of your team.
La virtual memory It is a fundamental tool to maintain the performance of your computer, especially if you work with demanding programs or if your computer has a capacity of RAM limited. Although it does not replace the physical memory, is an excellent complement that can make a difference in many situations.
I’m Alberto Navarro and I’m passionate about everything related to technology, from cutting-edge gadgets to software and video games of all kinds. My interest in digital began with video games and continued in the world of digital marketing. I have been writing about the digital world on different platforms since 2019, sharing the latest news in the sector. I also try to write in an original way so that you can stay up to date while having fun.
I studied Sociology at university and completed my studies with a Master’s in Digital Marketing. So if you have any questions, I’ll share with you all my experience in the world of digital marketing, technology and video games.
Все способы:
- Настройка виртуальной памяти
- Параметры pagefile.sys
- Второй файл подкачки
- Заключение
- Вопросы и ответы: 0
Виртуальная память представляет собой выделенное дисковое пространство для хранения данных, которые не помещаются в ОЗУ или в данный момент не используются. В этой статье мы подробно расскажем об этой функции и том, как ее настраивать.
Настройка виртуальной памяти
В современных операционных системах виртуальная память располагается в специальном разделе на диске, называемом «файлом подкачки» (pagefile.sys) или «свопом». Строго говоря, это не совсем раздел, а просто зарезервированное для нужд системы место. При недостатке ОЗУ туда «складируются» данные, которые не используются центральным процессором, а при необходимости загружаются обратно. Именно поэтому мы можем наблюдать «подвисания» при работе ресурсоемких приложений. В Windows имеется блок настроек, в котором можно определить параметры файла подкачки, то есть включить, отключить или выбрать размер.
Параметры pagefile.sys
Добраться до нужного раздела можно разными способами: через свойства системы, строку «Выполнить» или встроенный поисковик.
Далее, на вкладке «Дополнительно», следует отыскать блок с виртуальной памятью и перейти к изменению параметров.
Здесь и производится активация и настройка размера выделенного дискового пространства на основании потребностей или общего объема ОЗУ.
Подробнее:
Как включить файл подкачки на Windows 10
Как изменить размер файла подкачки в Windows 10
В интернете до сих пор не затихают споры, сколько места давать файлу подкачки. Единого мнения нет: кто-то советует отключить его при достаточном количестве физической памяти, а кто-то говорит о том, что без свопа некоторые программы просто не работают.
Второй файл подкачки
Да, не удивляйтесь. В «десятке» есть еще один файл подкачки, swapfile.sys, размер которого контролируется системой. Его предназначение состоит в хранении данных приложений из магазина Windows для быстрого к ним доступа. По сути это аналог гибернации, только не для всей системы, а для некоторых компонентов.
Читайте также:
Как включить, отключить гибернацию в Windows 10
Настроить его нельзя, можно только удалить, но если вы пользуетесь соответствующими приложениями, он появится снова. Не стоит беспокоиться, так как этот файл имеет весьма скромный размер и места на диске занимает мало.
Заключение
Виртуальная память помогает слабым компьютерам «ворочать тяжелые программы» и если у вас мало ОЗУ, к его настройке нужно подходить ответственно. Вместе с тем, некоторые продукты (например, из семейства Adobe) требуют обязательного его наличия и могут работать со сбоями даже при большом объеме физической памяти. Не стоит также забывать о дисковом пространстве и нагрузке. Если есть возможность, перенесите своп на другой, не системный, диск.
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