Windows reset netsh winsock reset

Обычно сброс сетевых настроек в Windows это последнее средство, которое стоит попробовать для решения сложных проблем с доступом к локальной сети или Интернету. При этом на компьютере сбрасываются настройки сетевых адаптеров, настройки стека TCP/IP до стандартных настроек в чистой Windows, удаляются и переустанавливаются все сетевые адаптеры компьютера. В этой статье мы рассмотрим особенности сброса сетевых настроек в Windows из графического интерфейса и с помощью командной строки.

Прежде чем прибегать к сбросу сетевых настроек, убедитесь, что вы попробовали все стандартные средства диагностики работы с сетью: проверили настройки IP, работу маршрутизатора/роутера/провайдера, обновили драйвера сетевых адаптеров, перезагружали компьютер, воспользовались встроенным Windows Network Troubleshooter (команда
msdt.exe /id NetworkDiagnosticsNetworkAdapter
) и т.д. Если ни один инструментов не помог исправить сетевую проблему, можно попробовать сбросить сетевые настройки.

Сохраните текущие сетевые настройки Windows

При сбросе сети в Windows будут потеряны все настройки, которые вы задали вручную: IP адреса, DNS сервера, статические маршруты, настройки сетевых драйверов, очищены сохраненные Wi-Fi сети и т.д. Поэтому перед сбросом важно сохранить текущие настройки.

Выведите список сетевых адаптеров:

Get-NetAdapter|select name,InterfaceIndex,InterfaceDescription,InterfaceOperationalStatus,MediaConnectionState,DriverInformation|ft

Картинка с сайта: winitpro.ru

Для всех подключенных сетевых адаптеров проверьте, получают ли они настройки автоматически (через DHCP) или вручную:

Get-NetIPInterface -InterfaceIndex 7

Картинка с сайта: winitpro.ru

Если для интерфейса значение
Dhcp=Disabled
, значит для адаптера настройки IP заданы вручную и вам нужно сохранить текущие настройки в файл:

Get-NetIPConfiguration -InterfaceIndex 7 >>c:\network_settings.txt

Картинка с сайта: winitpro.ru

Выведите и запишите все статические маршруты в таблице маршрутизации (из секции Persistent Routes):

Route print

Картинка с сайта: winitpro.ru

С помощью PowerShell выведите список VPN подключений, запишите их настройки:

Get-VpnConnection

В моем случае настройки сохраненных VPN подключений не были сброшены. Также не был удален виртуальный адаптер OpenVPN Wintun (адаптер для подключения к OpenVPN серверу).

Выведите WLAN профили и сохраните настройки беспроводных сетей в файл:

netsh wlan show profile
netsh wlan export profile name="Xiaomi_20F5" key=clear folder=c:\ps

Сохраните настройки Winsock:

netsh winsock show catalog > c:\winsock-backup.txt

После сброса сети сохраненная информация поможет вам восстановить все сетевые настройки, заданные вручную.

Сброс сетевых настроек из панели управления Windows

В Windows 10 (1607+), Windows 11 и Windows Server 2019/2022 можно сбросить сетевые настройки из панели Параметры (Settings). Перейдите в раздел Settings -> Network (или выполните команду быстрого доступа к ms-settings: ms-settings:network). Нажмите кнопку Network reset -> Reset now.

Картинка с сайта: winitpro.ru

Подтвердите сброс сетевых настроек. Windows очистит все сетевые настройки и удалит сетевые карты (сетевые адаптеры не будут отображаться в Панели Управления). Настройки сети будут сброшены до заводских. Windows автоматически перезагрузится через 5 минут.

После загрузки Windows обнаружит все подключенные сетевые адаптеры и устанвит драйвера. Останется настроить параметры сетевых подключение и проверить, исправлена ли проблема.

Сброс сетевых настроек из командной строки Windows

Все те же действия, которая выполнила процедура сброса сети из панели Settings можно выполнить из командной строки.

Сбросьте кэш DNS:

ipconfig /flushdns

Сбросьте настройки WinSock:

netsh winsock reset

Sucessfully reset the Winsock Catalog.
You must restart the computer in order to complete the reset.

Команда сбрасывает настройки в ветке реестра HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\WinSock2\Parameters . При этом старые настройки сохраняются в ветку Protocol_Catalog_Before_Reset.

Картинка с сайта: winitpro.ru

Сброс настроек стека TCP/IP:

netsh int ip reset

Для сброса настроек TCP/IPv6:

netsh int ipv6 reset

Resetting Compartment Forwarding, OK!
Resetting Compartment, OK!
Resetting Control Protocol, OK!
Resetting Echo Sequence Request, OK!
Resetting Global, OK!
Resetting Interface, OK!
Resetting Anycast Address, OK!
Resetting Multicast Address, OK!
Resetting Unicast Address, OK!
 Resetting Neighbor, OK!
Resetting Path, OK!
Resetting Potential, OK!
Resetting Prefix Policy, OK!
Resetting Proxy Neighbor, OK!
Resetting Route, OK!
Resetting Site Prefix, OK!
Resetting Subinterface, OK!
Resetting Wakeup Pattern, OK!
Resetting Resolve Neighbor, OK!
Resetting , OK!
Restart the computer to complete this action.

Сбрасываются настройки в ветках реестра HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Tcpip\Parameters и \SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\DHCP\Parameters.

Удалите все сетевые адаптеры:

netcfg -d

Successfully removed all MUX Objects.
Removing device "Intel(R) 82574L Gigabit Network Connection"
Removing device "WAN Miniport (PPPOE)"
Skipping the removal of "Wintun Userspace Tunnel"
Removing device "WAN Miniport (PPTP)"
Removing device "WAN Miniport (IKEv2)"
Check to see if the "Microsoft Kernel Debug Network Adapter" bindings should be reset
"Microsoft Kernel Debug Network Adapter" binding check complete
Removing device "WAN Miniport (Network Monitor)"
Removing device "WAN Miniport (IP)"
Removing device "WAN Miniport (SSTP)"
Removing device "WAN Miniport (IPv6)"
Removing device "WAN Miniport (L2TP)"
Please reboot the computer...

Сброс всех правил Windows Defender Firewall:

netsh advfirewall reset

В PowerShell также есть отдельная команда для сброса расширенных настроек конкретного сетевого адаптера. Сначала вы можете получить текущие настройки адаптера:

Get-NetAdapterAdvancedProperty -Name Ethernet0|ft -AutoSize

Name DisplayName DisplayValue RegistryKeyword RegistryValue
---- ----------- ------------ --------------- -------------
Ethernet0 Flow Control Rx & Tx Enabled *FlowControl {3}
Ethernet0 Interrupt Moderation Enabled *InterruptModeration {1}
Ethernet0 IPv4 Checksum Offload Rx & Tx Enabled *IPChecksumOffloadIPv4 {3}
Ethernet0 Jumbo Packet Disabled *JumboPacket {1514}
Ethernet0 Large Send Offload V2 (IPv4) Enabled *LsoV2IPv4 {1}
Ethernet0 Large Send Offload V2 (IPv6) Enabled *LsoV2IPv6 {1}
Ethernet0 Maximum Number of RSS Queues 2 Queues *NumRssQueues {2}
Ethernet0 Packet Priority & VLAN Packet Priority & VLAN Enabled *PriorityVLANTag {3}
Ethernet0 Receive Buffers 256 *ReceiveBuffers {256}
Ethernet0 Receive Side Scaling Enabled *RSS {1}
Ethernet0 Speed & Duplex Auto Negotiation *SpeedDuplex {0}
Ethernet0 TCP Checksum Offload (IPv4) Rx & Tx Enabled *TCPChecksumOffloadIPv4 {3}
Ethernet0 TCP Checksum Offload (IPv6) Rx & Tx Enabled *TCPChecksumOffloadIPv6 {3}
Ethernet0 Transmit Buffers 512 *TransmitBuffers {512}
Ethernet0 UDP Checksum Offload (IPv4) Rx & Tx Enabled *UDPChecksumOffloadIPv4 {3}
Ethernet0 UDP Checksum Offload (IPv6) Rx & Tx Enabled *UDPChecksumOffloadIPv6 {3}
Ethernet0 Adaptive Inter-Frame Spacing Disabled AdaptiveIFS {0}
Ethernet0 Interrupt Moderation Rate Adaptive ITR {65535}
Ethernet0 Log Link State Event Enabled LogLinkStateEvent {51}
Ethernet0 Gigabit Master Slave Mode Auto Detect MasterSlave {0}
Ethernet0 Locally Administered Address -- NetworkAddress {--}
Ethernet0 Wait for Link Auto Detect WaitAutoNegComplete {2}

Картинка с сайта: winitpro.ru

Здесь можно вывести настройки Jumbo Packet, VLAN, настройки буферов и т.д.

Для сброса этих параметров, выполните:

Reset-NetAdapterAdvancedProperty -Name Ethernet0

Перезагрузите компьютер и задайте все сетевые настройки заново. Если компьютер настроен на автоматическое получение IP адреса и настроек сети от DHCP сервера, ничего дополнительно настраивать не придется.

Are you having Windows network connectivity issues with software such as email clients and web browsers? Sometimes, these issues stem from a corrupt network configuration. The netsh winsock reset command will set important network settings to their defaults, often fixing these network problems!

In this article, you will learn how to reset the Winsock catalog which is a database of network settings, where incorrect configurations and malware affect your network connectivity. Read on to learn practical tips on fixing your network connection and what this cryptic Winsock term is all about!

Prerequisites

This article will be a tutorial. If you plan on following along step-by-step, use any supported version of Windows along with local administrative rights.

What is Winsock?

Based on the Berkeley UNIX Sockets interface, Winsock is an application programming interface (API) that orchestrates different network protocols communication between applications, such as a web browser, and actual network devices.

Included below is a great diagram to demonstrate where exactly the Winsock wsock32.dll library sits in the Windows networking stack.

Besides acting as an API, Winsock stores its settings in a database known as the Winsock catalog. In Windows 10 the catalog stores both namespace providers, providing a map between Winsock and a service such as DNS, and base service providers which provides detail on network protocols, such as TCP/IP.

Why “Resetting” Winsock is Necessary

Sometimes the Winsock catalog contains incorrect entries or becomes corrupt. Performing a Winsock reset via the netsh winsock reset in the Windows command prompt will set the Winsock catalog and associated registry settings to their defaults. The relevant registry settings are located in the below path.

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\WinSock2\Parameters\Protocol_Catalog9

Why would you want to perform Winsock reset after all?

• Malware or adware that uses Winsock to get in between the user and the internet.
• A network device is incorrectly installed or removed.
• Registry or file system issues corrupt the Winsock catalog.

A real-life example of Winsock malware is HackTool.Win32.Proxifier.A, from the Trend Micro Threat Encyclopedia. Don’t worry, this won’t download any malware!

Prior to Windows Server 2012 and Windows Vista, incorrect settings and malware often existed as Layered Service Providers (LSP) in the Winsock catalog, as described in further detail later in the article. In recent versions of Windows, LSPs were deprecated with functionality moved into the Windows filtering platform.

Winsock problems do not crop up as often anymore, but they still can! Learn to fix incorrectly installed network devices or corrupted Winsock catalogs by reading on.

How to Reset Winsock with netsh winsock reset

Resetting Winsock is best done through the Windows command-line tool netsh. The netsh command displays and modifies the running computer’s network configuration, along with resetting the Winsock catalog.

When performing any Winsock change, you should first save a before and after snapshot of the changed settings, as shown in the below steps.

1. Open a Command Prompt as an administrator.

2. Copy and run the command shown below to save the results of the Winsock catalog to the file C:\winsock-before.txt prior to resetting the Winsock catalog.

The command below assumes you are in the C:\ directory, otherwise the file will save to the directory your command prompt is currently in.

netsh winsock show catalog > winsock-before.txt

An example of the saved Winsock catalog is shown below. Yours will look similar to this, reflecting your network devices and entries.

Картинка с сайта: adamtheautomator.com

3. Next, reset the Winsock catalog by running the following command.

Картинка с сайта: adamtheautomator.com

Upon performing the reset command, the Protocol_Catalog9 registry entry is saved to: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\WinSock2\Parameters\Protocol_Catalog_Before_Reset. These entries are binary encoded, so it is much easier to read in plaintext.

4. Now take another snapshot of the Winsock Catalog again to document the changes just made.

netsh winsock show catalog > winsock-after.txt

5. Restart the computer to complete the network reset.

Not all network issues can be solved using the netsh winsock reset command, and in those cases, the netsh int ip reset command comes in handy! Read on to learn when and where to use this command.

Reset TCP/IP Settings with netsh int ip reset

The Winsock catalog is not the only set of network settings that can cause problems. As mentioned earlier, malware and incorrect settings often existed as Winsock LSPs, which are not as prevalent anymore due to their deprecation in newer versions of Windows.

More commonly, network issues exist with TCP/IP configurations. If you have any of the following network problems, then read on to learn how to reset your TCP/IP settings.

• DNS lookup issues, provided that DNS is configured correctly.
• DHCP IP address assignment problems, perhaps ipconfig /renew is not working correctly.

• Limited or no connectivity in your web browser or email client.

In the same local administrator command-prompt, follow the below steps to reset your TCP/IP settings.

1. Before resetting your IP settings, run the following command to see a snapshot of your current IP settings. In case the reset fails, it is helpful to have a record of your prior network settings.

Картинка с сайта: adamtheautomator.com

2. Run the following command in the command prompt to reset your IP settings.

To save the output of the reset command, redirect the output to a file using a command such as: netsh int ip reset > log.txt.

When you reset the TCP/IP settings using the netsh int ip reset command, the following registry settings are overwritten.

SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Tcpip\Parameters 
 SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\DHCP\Parameters

Картинка с сайта: adamtheautomator.com

3. Verify your network settings with the ipconfig /all command again, such as IP addresses, default gateways, and DNS settings.

Further Reading & Next Steps

Networking is a complicated topic with many potential issues, but two additional resources that may help are linked below.

• Fix Wi-Fi connection issues in Windows
• Fix network connection issues in Windows 10

Although not all networking issues may be resolved by performing a netsh winsock reset or netsh int ip reset command, both commands provide a great starting point!

We’ve all run into the dreaded taskbar icon that denotes Windows 10 internet connection issues. There are various reasons this can happen, but if you’re really struggling, the quickest fix is to perform a full Windows 10 network reset.

From the Anniversary Update onwards, Microsoft offers an easy way to reset Windows 10 network settings to their defaults. While you should always try other fixes first, such as running Windows network diagnostics, it’s a handy last resort.

This network fix will reset your WiFi adapter, WiFi passwords, Ethernet adapter, VPN connections, and virtual switches. It can solve most software-based issues as a result, but if you don’t know your WiFi password you’ll want to look elsewhere for a remedy.

With that warning, here’s how to perform a Windows 10 network reset, both via the network and internet settings menu and the netsh winsock reset command.

How to Reset Your Windows 10 Network via Settings

How to Reset Network Settings with the “netsh winsock reset” command

Now that your network has been reset, you may want to read our guide on how to set up a VPN in Windows 10. If you have a bandwidth cap, don’t forget to set up your metered connection.

Last Updated on February 26, 2021 10:09 am CET