Windows how to check disk

Do you know what Check Disk is? What else can Check disk do expect for checking disk health by repairing hard disk partition errors? You can also check disk usage and test disk speed, etc. Here, on this page, we’ll present you with a complete beginners’ guide. It will assist you in running the Check Disk or CHKDSK command to check disk health, test hard disk speed, and even check the disk usage of HDD/SSD on your Windows computer successfully. You can even apply the troubleshooting solutions to fix Check Disk errors like an export on your own. Let’s get started.

In this article, you’ll learn:

  • What Is Check Disk
  • Is There Any Free Check Disk Tools — Recommendation
  • What Does Check Disk Actually Do and When To Use Check Disk
  • How Do I Run CHKDSK & Check Disk (ScanDisk) in Windows 10
  • Three Check Disk Commands: CHKDSK, SFC, and DISM, What’s The Difference
  • Troubleshooting: Fix Two Common Disk Check Errors on Your Own

Tags: chkdsk, disk check tool, disk utility

Check disk, also known as Windows Check Disk, and some users also refer to it as «CHKDSK» (by Wikipedia), is actually a system tool or feature powered by Microsoft. It’s designed to verify the file system integrity of volumes and fix logical file system errors in Windows, OS/2 and DOS, etc., operating systems.

Is There Any Free Check Disk Tools — Recommendation

There are two check disk tools that are available for Windows users to run on their hard disk drives, SSDs, external drives, and even SD cards for free:

CHKDSK 

Image of CHKDSK

While searching «check disk tool» online, Google, Bing, Firefox, etc., the search engine will prompt you with multiple types of disk testing tools. And at the top of the list, you’ll see CHKDSK or CHKDSK utility.

CHKDSK is a command tool that uses DiskPart to convey command syntax orders to the operating systems, and then the operating system will process the orders and execute the check disk operations on target disk volumes.

ScanDisk

Aside from CHDKSK, there is another tool known as Microsoft ScanDisk, and some users also take it as the Check Disk tool. It’s defined as a diagnostic utility program supporting checking and repairing file systems errors on a disk drive (by Wikipedia).

Differences Between: CHKDSK & ScanDisk 

So what are the differences between these two check disk tools? Here is a comparison table that’ll cover some of the overall information about CHKDSK and Check Disk utility — ScanDisk. 

Here are the details:

Differences CHKDSK ScanDisk (Check Disk)
Initial Release 1980 1993
Developers
  • Microsoft
  • SCP, IBM, DR
  • Datalight, Novell, Toshiba
  • PhysTechSoft, ReactOS Contributors
Microsoft
Type Command Tool Utility Software
Operating System
  • Windows
  • MS-DOS
  • Windows
  • SISNE plus, OS/2
  • 4690 OS, FreeDOS, ReactOS
  • eComStation, ArcaOS, FlexOS
  • DOS, MS-DOS, PC DOS, MSX-DOS, ROM-DOS, DR-DOS,PTS-DOS
Pricing Free Free

Note that SanDisk was introduced in 1993 as a successor to replace CHKDSK and continue serving Windows users to check disk and fix disk partition problems with an easier operating process. 

What Does Check Disk Actually Do and When To Use Check Disk

Alongside fixing file system errors, what else can these two check disk tools do for you? When shall you apply either of them on your computer? 

What Can Check Disk Tool Do for You? Benefits of Check Disk

Check What can check disk tool do for you

The basic feature of CHKDSK and ScanDisk is to check disk health. Here is a list of benefits that you’ll enjoy by running the Check Disk tool on your disk:

  • Scan the file system on a disk (NTFS, FAT32).
  • Check the integrity of the file system, including file system metadata.
  • Fix any logical file system errors it finds.
  • Detect bad sectors on a target disk due to physical damage.

When to Use Check Disk Tool — CHKDSK or ScanDisk

When to use Disk Check tool

Here is a list of common issues that CHKDSK commands or ScanDisk can fix:

  • The file system of the hard drive or external USB becomes RAW.
  • Hard drive or partition becomes inaccessible.
  • External storage disk shows in Disk Management but not in the File Explorer.
  • Selected volume or partition is corrupted for unknown reasons.
  • Disk contains a few bad sectors and becomes slow or even stuck.

You May Also Feel Like:

Here is a list of 5 reliable software: EaseUS Partition Master, Hard Disk Sentinel, HD Tune, DiskCheckup, CHKDSK/ScanDisk, and you can apply any one of them to check disk health for free.

How Do I Run CHKDSK & Check Disk (ScanDisk) in Windows 10

So how do you run the CHKDSK or ScanDisk to check disk and repair hard drive errors on your computers? Here in this part, you’ll learn how to run the check disk tools on Windows 10/11 or even older computers to fix existing disk problems efficiently.

CHKDSK VS ScanDisk, Which Is Suitable for You

Some of you may not be sure which tool — CHKDSK or ScanDisk is more suitable for you. Here is a comparison table that covers some unique factors to help you decide which tool can suites your demands:

Comparison CHKDSK ScanDisk (Check Disk)
Steps to operate 3-5 steps 3-5 steps
Complex level Medium Easy
Suitable Users
  • Experienced Windows users
  • Developers
  • IT professionals
  • Windows beginners
Execution Media Tool Diskpart File Explorer Properties

CHKDSK vs ScanDisk

Guide 1: Run CHKDSK in Windows 11/10, Check and Fix Disk Errors

Applies to: Windows 11/10/8/7/XP and Windows Servers.

Step 1. Open CHDKSK by typing cmd in the search box, right-click Command Prompt, and selecting «Run as Administrator».

Step 2. Confirm the drive letter of your problematic drive.

You can open Windows File Explorer or Disk Management to check the drive letter of your disk where you need to check and fix errors on it. 

Step 3. Type the CHKDSK syntax command and hit enter:

  • chkdsk E: /f /r /x

Run CHDKSK to Check and Fix disk error

Step 4. Wait for the process to complete, and then type exit to close the command window.

Note that the syntax of CHKDSK have different meanings, and here are the explanation of the three commands:

  • /f — Fixes errors on the disk. 
  • /r — Locates bad sectors and recovers readable information.
  • /x — Forces the volume to dismount first, if necessary. /x also includes the functionality of /f.

Alongside these three parameters, CHKDSK also contains some other parameters that help to check and fix disk errors. If you need to learn more details about CHKDSK, you follow the below two links for help:

Guide 2: Run Check Disk — ScanDisk in Windows

Applies to: Windows 11/10/8/7 and Windows Servers.

Step 1. Press Windows + E keys to open File Explorer.

Step 2. Locate the problematic drive, right-click on it and select «Properties».

Step 3. Go to the Tools tab, and click «Check» under the Error checking section.

Step 4. Click «Scan drive» and wait for the program to scan and fix all found errors on your disk.

BONUS TIP: CHKDSK/ScanDisk Alternative 

Aside from running CHKDSK or ScanDisk to check disk errors and fix file system corruption problems on your hard disk drives, you can also try to turn to third-party disk checking software for help. It’s easier and faster.

EaseUS Partition Master is one of the software that supports all levels of Windows users to simply scan and fix disk file system errors in only a few simple clicks:

Step 1. Open EaseUS Partition Master on your computer. Then, locate the disk, right-click the partition you want to check, and choose «Advanced» > «Check File System».

choose Check Partition

Step 2. In the Check File System window, keep the «Try to fix errors if found» option selected and click «Start».

check the pop-up instructions

Step 3. The software will begin checking your partition file system on your disk. When it completes, click «Finish».

finish partition check

Three Check Disk Commands: CHKDSK, SFC, and DISM, What’s The Difference

Aside from CHKDSK, there are another two hot commands — SFC and DISM that some of you may confuse together. These three command lines actually work for different occasions.

Here are the main differences between CHKDSK, SFC, and DISM: 

When to Use CHKDSK, SFC, DSIM

  • CHKDSK (Check Disk) — When your computer hangs or becomes slow, drives suddenly become inaccessible, you can run CHKDSK.
  • SFC (System File Checker) — When the file system of your hard drive contains unknown errors, the file system is corrupted or modified, turn to SFC.
  • DISM (Deployment Image Servicing and Management) — When the computer is experiencing frequent crashes, freezes, and errors, especially when you already ran SFC, but nothing works. In this case, you need to turn to DISM.

What Problems Can CHKDSK, SFC, and DSIM Fix

  • CHKDSK — It scans your entire drive to find and fix errors in files and the file system itself. It also checks bad sectors and repairs them automatically so to allow you to reuse the drive again.
  • SFC — It saves you from hard drive not behaving correctly error, restores missed DLL files, and even gets rid of the Blue Screen of Death error from your computer.
  • DSIM — It detects and fixes corrupted files in the component store of Windows system image and repairs system files that SFC can’t fix.

What Can CHDKSK, SFC, DISM do for you

How to Run CHKDSK, SFC, and DISM Commands to Check Disk in Windows

Step 1. Right-click the Windows icon and select Run.

Step 2. Type cmd in the Run dialog, right-click Command Prompt, and select «Run as Administrator». 

Step 3. Type CHKDSK, SFC, or DISM command lines to fix different disk errors and hit Enter each time:

  • chkdsk E: /f /r /x — Check disk to fix file system error and bad sectors.
  • sfc /scannow — Fully scan system files, repair and replace any damaged or missing files.
  • Dism /Online /Cleanup-Image /CheckHealth — Detect corrupted files in the components store of Windows systems image. 
  • If no corruption is detected, try this command: Dism /Online /Cleanup-Image /ScanHealth.
  • If DISM reports some problems are found, run this command: Dism /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth to repair found errors and replace damaged files automatically.

What’s the Difference Between CHKDSK, SFC, and DISM

Summarily, the biggest differences between CHKDSK, SFC, and DISM commands are designed for fixing different errors on different objects.

  • CHKDSK — Fix file system error on hard drives.
  • SFC — Repair system file errors in Windows operating system.
  • DSIM — Detect and repair Windows system file errors that SFC can’t fix.

LEARN MORE

You can follow CHDKSK vs. SFC to learn more details about CHKDSK and SFC in Windows computers. 

Troubleshooting: Fix Two Common Disk Check Errors on Your Own

According to some Windows professionals and forums, we found that there are some common issues that many Windows users may have encountered while running the Check Disk tool on their computers. 

Here are two top issues that you may have come across:

Error 1: Windows Cannot Run Disk Checking On This Volume Because It’s Write Protected

Causes of This Error:

  • The hard drive is write-protected.
  • The file system of the hard drive is corrupted.

Solutions to This Error:

  1. 1. Remove Write Protection via CMD, DiskPart, or third-party write protection removal tool.
  2. 2. Clear read-only in Registry.
  3. 3. Recover files from the hard drive and format them.

Stey-By-Step Guide:

For a step-by-step guide, you can refer to this link to Fix Windows Can’t Run Disk Checking On This Volume error with success. 

Error 2: Disk Check (CHKDSK) Shows Up on Startup, Taking Long to Boot into Windows

Causes of This Error:

  • Improper Windows system shutdown
  • Suspicious malware or virus infection
  • Unplug the external device from the computer without safe ejection

Solutions to This Error:

  1. 1. Use Command Prompt
  2. 2. Use Windows Registry Editor
  3. 3. Use Disk Check Alternative, like EaseUS Partition Master

Stey-By-Step Guide:

To get a detailed guide to get rid of the Disk Check tool from running in startup on Windows, you can follow this page to learn How to Stop Disk Check (CHKDSK) on Startup Windows 10 on your own. 

Conclusion

On this page, we mainly explained to you what you could do with a check disk tool, such as check disk health, check disk usage, and test disk speed. Among these three types of tools, the top most concerned goal is to check disk health and fix disk partition errors.

To do so, you can run CHKDSK or ScanDisk — these two Check Disk tools for help. For Windows beginners, these two tools could be a bit complex, and you may refer to an alternative tool — EaseUS Partition Master for help.

Stay calm if you run Check Disk on a computer but come across some strange errors, such as Windows can’t run disk checking or check disk runs in startup and freezes Windows from booting up. Refer to the specific troubleshooting fixes above, and you can successfully get rid of this issue, making your computer run smoothly again.

В этой инструкции для начинающих по шагам показано, как проверить жесткий диск на ошибки и поврежденные сектора в Windows 7, 8.1 и Windows 10 через командную строку или в интерфейсе проводника. Также описаны дополнительные инструменты проверки HDD и SSD, присутствующие в ОС. Установка каких-либо дополнительных программ при этом не требуется.

Несмотря на то, что существуют мощные программы для проверки дисков, поиска бэд-блоков и исправления ошибок, их использование в большинстве своем, будем мало понятно обычному пользователю (и, более того, может даже навредить в некоторых случаях). Встроенная же в систему проверка с помощью ChkDsk и других системных инструментов, сравнительно проста в использовании и достаточно эффективна. См. также: Как проверить SSD на ошибки, анализ состояния SSD.

Примечание: если причиной того, что вы ищите способ проверить HDD стали непонятные звуки, издаваемые им, посмотрите статью Жесткий диск издает звуки.

Как проверить жесткий диск на ошибки через командную строку

Для проверки жесткого диска и его секторов на ошибки с использованием командной строки, ее для начала потребуется запустить, причем от имени Администратора. В Windows 8.1 и 10 вы можете сделать это, кликнув правой кнопкой мыши кнопке «Пуск» и выбрав пункт «Командная строка (администратор)». Другие способы и для других версий ОС: Как запустить командную строку от имени администратора.

В командной строке следует ввести команду chkdsk буква_диска: параметры_проверки (если ничего не понятно, читаем дальше). Примечание: Check Disk работает только с дисками, отформатированными в NTFS или FAT32.

Пример работающей команды может выглядеть следующим образом: chkdsk C: /F /R— в этой команде будет проверен на ошибки диск C, при этом ошибки будут исправляться автоматически (параметр F), будет проведена проверка поврежденных секторов и попытка восстановления информации (параметр R). Внимание: проверка с использованными параметрами может занять несколько часов и как будто «зависать» в процессе, не выполняйте её, если не готовы ждать или если у вас ноутбук не подключен к розетке.

Проверка диска через командную строку

В случае, если вы попробуете проверить жесткий диск, который в настоящее время используется системой, вы увидите сообщение об этом и предложение выполнить проверку после следующей перезагрузки компьютера (до загрузки ОС). Введите Y для того, чтобы согласиться или N, чтобы отказаться от проверки. Если при выполнении проверки вы видите сообщение о том, что CHKDSK недопустим для дисков RAW, то может помочь инструкция: Как исправить и восстановить диск RAW в Windows.

В остальных случаях сразу будет запущена проверка, по итогам которой вы получите статистику проверенных данных, найденных ошибок и поврежденных секторов (у вас она должна быть на русском языке, в отличие от моего скриншота).

Результаты проверки диска

Полный список доступных параметров и их описание вы можете получить, запустив chkdsk с вопросительным знаком в качестве параметра. Однако для простой проверки на ошибки, а также проверки секторов будет достаточно команды, приведенной в предыдущем абзаце.

В тех случаях, когда проверка обнаруживает ошибки на жестком диске или SSD, но не может их исправить, это может быть связано с тем, что работающая Windows или программы в настоящее время используют диск. В данной ситуации может помочь запуск оффлайн-сканирования диска: при этом диск «отключается» от системы, выполняется проверка, а затем снова монтируется в системе. Если же отключить его невозможно, то CHKDSK сможет выполнить проверку при следующей перезагрузке компьютера.

Чтобы выполнить оффлайн проверку диска и исправление ошибок на нем, в командной строке от имени администратора выполните команду: chkdsk C: /f /offlinescanandfix (где C: — буква проверяемого диска).

Запуск ChkDsk в Offline режиме

Если вы увидите сообщение о том, что нельзя выполнить команду CHKDSK, так как указанный том используется другим процессом, нажмите Y (да), Enter, закройте командную строку и перезагрузите компьютер. Проверка диска начнется автоматически при начале загрузки Windows 10, 8 или Windows 7.

Дополнительная информация: при желании, после проверки диска и загрузки Windows, вы можете просмотреть журнал проверки Check Disk с помощью просмотра событий (Win+R, ввести eventvwr.msc) в разделе Журналы Windows — Приложение, выполнив поиск (правый клик по «Приложение» — «Поиск») по ключевому слову Chkdsk.

Журнал проверки диска в просмотре событий

Проверка жесткого диска в проводнике Windows

Самый простой способ проверки HDD в Windows — использовать проводник. В нем, кликните правой кнопкой мыши по нужному жесткому диску, выберите пункт «Свойства», а затем откройте вкладку «Сервис» и нажмите «Проверить». В Windows 8.1 и Windows 10 вы, скорее всего, увидите сообщение о том, что сейчас проверка этого диска не требуется. Однако, вы можете запустить ее принудительно.

В Windows 7 присутствует дополнительная возможность включить проверку и исправление поврежденных секторов, отметив соответствующие пункты. Отчет о проверке вы все так же можете найти в просмотре событий приложений Windows.

Проверка диска на ошибки в Windows PowerShell

Проверить жесткий диск на ошибки можно не только с помощью командной строки, но и в Windows PowerShell.

Для того, чтобы проделать эту процедуру, запустите PowerShell от имени администратора (можно начать набирать PowerShell в поиске на панели задач Windows 10 или в меню Пуск предыдущих ОС, после чего кликнуть правой кнопкой мыши по найденному элементу и выбрать пункт «Запустить от имени администратора».

В Windows PowerShell используйте следующие варианты команды Repair-Volume для проверки раздела жесткого диска:

  • Repair-Volume -DriveLetter C (где C — буква проверяемого диска, в этот раз без двоеточия после буквы диска). 
    Проверка диска на ошибки в Windows PowerShell

  • Repair-Volume -DriveLetter C -OfflineScanAndFix (аналогично первому варианту, но для выполнения оффлайн-проверки, как это описывалось в способе с chkdsk).

Если в результате выполнения команды вы увидите сообщение NoErrorsFound, это означает, что ошибки на диске найдены не были.

Дополнительные возможности проверки диска в Windows 10

Помимо перечисленных выше вариантов, вы можете использовать некоторые дополнительные встроенные в ОС средства. В Windows 10 и 8 обслуживание дисков, в том числе их проверка и дефрагментация происходят автоматически по расписанию, в то время, когда вы не пользуетесь компьютером или ноутбуком.

Чтобы просмотреть информацию о том, были ли найдены какие-либо проблемы с дисками, зайдите в «Панель управления» (сделать это можно, кликнув правой кнопкой мыши по Пуску и выбрав нужный пункт контекстного меню) — «Центр безопасности и обслуживания». Откройте раздел «Обслуживание» и в пункте «Состояние диска» вы увидите информацию, полученную в результате последней автоматической проверки.

Информация об обслуживании дисков Windows

Еще одна возможность, которая появилась в Windows 10 — утилита диагностики хранилища (Storage Diagnostic Tool). Для использования утилиты, запустите командную строку от имени администратора, затем используйте следующую команду:

stordiag.exe -collectEtw -checkfsconsistency -out путь_к_папке_сохранения_отчета

Выполнение команды займет некоторое время (может показаться, что процесс завис), при этом будут проверены все подключенные диски.

Запуск диагностики дисков в Windows 10

А после завершения выполнения команды, в указанном вами расположении будет сохранен отчет о выявленных проблемах.

Отчеты stordiag.exe

Отчет включает в себя отдельные файлы, содержащие:

  • Информацию проверки chkdsk и информацию об ошибках, собранную fsutil в текстовых файлах.
  • Файлы реестра Windows 10, содержащие все текущие значения реестра, относящиеся к подключенным накопителям.
  • Файлы журналов просмотра событий Windows (события собираются в течение 30 секунд при использовании ключа collectEtw в команде диагностики дисков).

Для рядового пользователя собранные данные могут не представлять интереса, однако в некоторых случаях может оказаться полезной для диагностики проблем работы накопителей системным администратором или другим специалистом.

Если при проверке у вас возникают какие-либо проблемы или требуется совет, пишите в комментариях, а я, в свою очередь, постараюсь вам помочь.

Table of contents

  • What Is the CHKDSK Command?
  • When Should I Use the CHKDSK Command?
  • Tips to Know before Running CHKDSK
    • Tip 1: CHKDSK is not all-powerful
    • Tip 2: Back up your data
  • How to Run CHKDSK on Windows 10/11
    • How to run CHKDSK from File Explorer
    • How to run CHKDSK from the Command Prompt
    • How to run CHKDSK from installation media
  • How to Adjust CHKDSK Options
  • The Most Common CHKDSK Parameters in Windows
  • How to Troubleshoot Windows CHKDSK Issues
    • Issue 1: The drive is currently in use or in read-only mode
    • Issue 2: CHKDSK keeps freezing
    • Issue 3: The disk is write-protected
  • Conclusion
  • FAQ

If you are experiencing performance issues on your PC, the disk drive is usually one of the main suspects. An overload or error in your disk drive can cause lots of problems. This is where the Check Disk tool comes in. 

If you’re not a fan of using the Command Prompt, it can be quite tricky. But don’t worry; we’ll show you how to run the CHKDSK command with our easy-to-implement steps.

Let’s begin.

What Is the CHKDSK Command?

CHKDSK (Check Disk) is a useful Windows tool that checks and fixes problems with your hard drives. It’s particularly useful when your computer freezes or when files become inaccessible due to a corrupted file system.

Beyond fixing errors, it can also help you maintain good computer hygiene. It scans your drive’s file system for things like broken file records or errors that could cause data loss or corruption.

CHKDSK typically fixes software (logical errors) and hardware (physical errors) issues on your hard drive.

An example of a logical error is a situation where you have a corrupted file system and the structure that organizes files on the drive becomes damaged. A physical error could be a bad sector problem , where a part of your hard drive can no longer store data properly.

When Should I Use the CHKDSK Command?

How often you should run Check Disk on Windows 10 or 11 depends on your PC usage patterns and the health of your disk. If you notice any of the symptoms below, we recommend running the CHKDSK utility tool as part of your regular PC maintenance .

  • Disk errors or corruption. Running the  CHKDSK repair command can help fix disk-related errors, such as the “Boot device not found” error, bad sectors, or file system errors, and recover data from corrupted files.
  • Shutdowns and crashes.  CHKDSK can help diagnose and fix unexpected shutdowns and the dreaded blue screens of death .  
  • Performance problems. If your Windows PC is slow, the CHKDSK command can help with  hard drive diagnostics , fixing disk errors, and  improving computer performance.
  • Unresponsive apps, freezes, or glitches. If your apps become unresponsive or freeze or you encounter  computer glitches  frequently, it is time to run  Windows CHKDSK  as disk-related problems may be the culprit.
  • File management problems. Files failing to save or open is a sign you need to try some  CHKDSK commands since there may be underlying disk issues. 
  • Disk noise or strange sounds. If your hard drive starts producing strange noises, hardware issues may be at play. Running CHKDSK can help identify and fix them.

Tips to Know before Running CHKDSK

Here are some pointers to note before running the Check Disk tool:

Tip 1: CHKDSK is not all-powerful

While CHKDSK commands can help you resolve a variety of disk-related problems, they have certain limitations. To begin with, you can only use CHKDSK on Windows.

Also, the Check Disk tool can take quite some time to complete, especially when it comes to larger disks or drives with numerous errors. While it is doing its job, your system’s performance might be affected, and you won’t be able to use the drive.

Another concern is that CHKDSK may not be able to repair all disk-related errors. If your drive has developed severe physical damage or extensive corruption, other tools might be required. You may even require technical assistance in some cases.

If the CHKDSK command isn’t able to fix the disk errors on your computer, you can use tools like EaseUS Partition Master and MiniTool Partition Wizard . These tools check the hard drive for disk errors and repair them. However, each tool has its pros and cons, so check out what they can do for you before installing them.

Tip 2: Back up your data

Running the CHKDSK command involves altering disk data, which might cause a slight risk of data loss, especially if your drive has severe issues. This has been confirmed by some users . 

For example, when trying to recover data from bad sectors with CHKDSK, you may accidentally lose or corrupt some of your files. If that happens, you will have to spend valuable time  recovering deleted files on Windows .

To prepare for unforeseen events, you need to protect your data. We have a detailed guide on  how to back up your Windows . You can go through the article and save your files.

How to Run CHKDSK on Windows 10/11

There are different ways to run Check Disk in Windows 10 and 11. You can opt for the most convenient one in your case and give it a try:

How to run CHKDSK from File Explorer

Running Check Disk from Windows Explorer is the easiest method. This is the option for those who may not be comfortable using the command line.

  • Launch File Explorer, open This PC, right-click the drive you would like to check, and click Properties.

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  • Go to the Tools tab and click on the Check button under Error checking.

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<div class= Картинка с сайта: www.auslogics.com

  • The Error Checking window will open. If you see the You don’t need to scan this drive message, it means no errors are detected. If you still want to check this drive, click Scan drive.

Click Scan Drive

This method works on both Windows 10 and 11.

How to run CHKDSK from the Command Prompt

Running CHKDSK from Windows Explorer may be a little restrictive. This is where the Command Prompt comes in. When you run CHKDSK from the Command Prompt, you can configure the command to do more.

  • Type “cmd” into your search bar and click Run as administrator under the Command Prompt option.

Run Command Prompt as Admin

  • Once the admin version of the Command Prompt is up and running, insert “chkdsk” and hit Enter. The CHKDSK utility will start scanning your C drive for problems.

Type in chkdsk

  • If you want CHKDSK to scan another drive, specify it at the end of the command. For example, if you want to check your D drive, enter “chkdsk D.”

On its own, the chkdsk command does not fix errors; it only scans your drive and shows you a report. Based on the report, you can proceed to take action:

  • If it finds no errors, you don’t need to worry about anything.
  • However, if the scan comes back with errors, you need to start the process again, but this time use “chkdsk C: /f.” This command looks for errors and fixes them. Once the process is complete, you may need to restart your computer, especially if it is the main C drive.

Type in chkdsk c f

How to run CHKDSK from installation media

If you are getting errors that won’t let you run CHKDSK on your computer, like “Access Denied” or “The volume is in use by another process,” this might be a better option.  

  • Create installation media , such as a Windows installation USB or DVD, and insert it into your PC.
  • Restart your Windows computer, then boot from the installation media. To prioritize the installation media over your hard drive, you might need to enter your BIOS settings and change the boot order.

Enter your BIOS settings

  • Configure your language, time, and keyboard input settings.
  • Select Next and then click Repair your computer at the bottom left corner of your screen.

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  • Once the Choose an option screen appears, select Troubleshoot.
  • From the Troubleshoot menu, select Advanced options and click the Command Prompt option.
  • Then, type the CHKDSK command (for example, “chkdsk /f /r /x”) to run and add the drive letter or the partition you want to start the scan.

Type in chkdsk /f /r /x

If you are checking your primary hard drive, it’s usually C. If you are in doubt, type “C:,” press Enter, and then type “dir.” If you don’t see your folders on the C drive, you can repeat this process with other drive letters (like “D:,” then “dir” ) until you locate the drive containing your files.

  • You may be prompted to schedule the check for the next time you restart your system. Type “Y” and press Enter.

Your computer will schedule a disk check that will scan and attempt to fix any drive errors the next time you restart your computer.

How to Adjust CHKDSK Options

If you want to modify how CHKDSK runs on your system, such as changing its schedule or running it with different options, you need to start with running the Command Prompt as an administrator.

  • To do that, press the Windows key, type “cmd,” then select Run as administrator. With that done, you can proceed to make any of the following changes:

Run Command Prompt as Administrator

Schedule CHKDSK to run at startup

If you’d like CHKDSK to run during the next system startup, type the following command:

chkdsk C: /f /r 

The CHKDSK utility tool doesn’t have an option to schedule it for a specific future date. It just automatically runs at the very next system startup after you issue this command. This is because CHKDSK needs to run when the drive isn’t in use, which is why it happens during the boot process.

Cancel or change a scheduled CHKDSK run

To cancel a scheduled CHKDSK run, type:

chkdsk /x C: 

This prevents CHKDSK from running on the specified drive at the next startup.

Remember to replace C: with the drive letter you want to scan if you are not scanning your main disk drive.

The Most Common CHKDSK Parameters in Windows

Below you will find a comprehensive list of CHKDSK commands to diagnose and fix disk-related errors on your PC:

  • chkdsk : This command checks your drive for problems but doesn’t attempt to repair them.
  • chkdsk [drive letter] : With this command, you can specify which drive or partition to scan.
  • chkdsk /f: The chkdsk /f command, or the CHKDSK fix command, attempts to fix errors while performing a drive scan.

The chkdsk /f command checks the entire drive for errors and makes sure all folders and files are correctly listed in the file system. This helps prevent issues like blue or black screen errors or other crashes caused by missing system files.

  • chkdsk /r : The chkdsk /r command, or the CHKDSK repair command, is designed to repair hard drive sectors to make them readable within your system. It also runs the  chkdsk /f  command, meaning it involves a check deeper than in the previous case.

Before running chkdsk /r, it’s important to back up your files because there’s a small chance that files in damaged sectors could be deleted during the process. While chkdsk /r  is helpful, it’s not a data recovery tool, so it may not always recover corrupted files properly. For safe data recovery, creating a backup is your best option.

  • chkdsk /x : This command disconnects a drive to scan and repair it. It also runs the CHKDSK fix command. 
  • chkdsk /f /r /x : With this one-stop-shop command, you can scan your file system and its sectors and fix detected errors. It runs both the CHKDSK fix command and the CHKDSK repair command and also disconnects your drive first if need be.
  • chkdsk /scan : This command runs an online scan of your drive and lets you use it while the scan is in progress.

Here’s a table breakdown:

Command What it does
chkdsk 
Checks the drive for errors without attempting repairs
chkdsk [drive letter] 
Scans a specific drive or partition for errors, e.g., chkdsk C:
chkdsk /f 
Fixes errors on the drive, ensuring all folders and files are correctly listed in the file system
chkdsk /r 
Repairs hard drive sectors and makes them readable, while also performing the actions of chkdsk /f
chkdsk /x 
Forces the drive to dismount before the scan. It’s useful for drives in use (includes  /f )
chkdsk /scan 
Scans the drive online without requiring a reboot. Useful for minor errors
wmic diskdrive get status 
Checks the status of all connected drives to identify potential hardware issues

How to Troubleshoot Windows CHKDSK Issues

The most common issues that may arise after running a CHKDSK repair scan are as follows:

Issue 1: The drive is currently in use or in read-only mode

This problem means the  CHKDSK utility tool can’t fix your hard drive errors because it is currently in use or in read-only mode. To get rid of it and make sure your drive is error-free, follow these steps:

  • Run the Task Manager by pressing the Ctrl + Shift + Esc keyboard combo.
  • Locate an open app or process that might be using the drive you want to check and click End task to stop it.
  • Try running a CHKDSK scan to see if your drive can be fixed now. 

Go to Task Manager, select Processes, and clickEnd Task


Related: How to Fix Scanning and Repairing Drive Stuck Issue on Windows 10/11? Quick Patch Here


Issue 2: CHKDSK keeps freezing

CHKDSK may freeze during a scan for several reasons, such as severe bad sectors on the hard drive, background programs interfering with the process, or system file corruption. If you encounter this issue, here are some solutions to help you resolve it:

1. Run CHKDSK in Safe Mode

Restart your computer and boot into Safe Mode by pressing F8 (or the appropriate key for your system) before Windows starts. Once in Safe Mode, open the Command Prompt as an administrator and run the following command:

chkdsk C: /f /r 

Type in chkdsk C: /f /r

This may allow CHKDSK to complete without interruptions.

2. Disable startup programs

Background programs can disrupt CHKDSK repair . Open the Task Manager and disable non-essential startup programs before running CHKDSK again.

3. Check for bad sectors

If Windows CHKDSK continues to freeze, your drive may have significant bad sectors. In this case, consider using dedicated disk repair software or replacing the drive if it’s failing.

4. Run SFC and DISM commands

To fix potential system file corruption, open the Command Prompt as an administrator and run the following commands:

DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth 

Enter the following command: DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth

Then run:

sfc /scannow
 

Issue 3: The disk is write-protected

If your disk is write-protected, it may be due to software settings, physical switches, or corrupted files. To remove the write protection and allow CHKDSK to run, follow these steps:

1. Remove the write protection using the Diskpart utility

Open the Command Prompt as an administrator and enter the following commands one at a time to clear the write protection:

diskpart 

Type in diskpart

list disk  

Type in list disk

select disk X 

(replace X with the number of your write-protected drive)

Type in select disk 0

attributes disk clear readonly

Type in attributes disk clear readonly

This will remove the write protection from the selected disk.

External drives may also have a physical switch for write protection. Check if your drive has one and switch it off if needed. Internal hard drives don’t have such physical write protection switches.

2. Check registry settings

  • Press the Windows key + R, type “regedit,” and press Enter.

Type in regedit

The system should issue you a warning. Click Yes and proceed. In the Registry Editor window, type the following in the address bar:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\StorageDevicePolicies

If the WriteProtect value is set to 1 , double-click it and change it to 0 .

What if the registry doesn’t exist?

Sometimes this registry key might not exist by default, like in my situation. In that case, you would need to:

  • Create a new key called StorageDevicePolicies under Control . To do that, right-click on the Control folder, select New , and choose Key .

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<div class= Картинка с сайта: www.auslogics.com

  • Name the new key StorageDevicePolicies .
  • Now, right-click on the StorageDevicePolicies folder, select New, and go for DWORD (32-bit) Value.

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<div class= Картинка с сайта: www.auslogics.com

Name this value WriteProtect

Set Value data to 0

Any modifications to the registry should be done with caution, as incorrect changes can cause system problems. We recommend that you back up the registry before making changes.

3. Format the drive (Last resort)

If the drive remains write-protected after trying the above methods, consider backing up your data and formatting the drive to remove the protection.

PRO TIP

Technically speaking, the CHKDSK utility tool does not improve your PC’s performance. It only helps you fix drive issues that may be making your PC slow.

So, if your system has more issues that may be reducing performance, chkdsk /f /r may simply not fix those issues.

A better option might be to get a dedicated PC optimizer like Auslogics BoostSpeed . With this tool, you can scan your PC for issues—even beyond your hard drive—and fix them automatically.

Conclusion

The CHKDSK commands in Windows 10/11 are essential for detecting and fixing disk-related problems. The tool plays a crucial role in maintenance and troubleshooting, helping to speed up your system and resolve issues such as crashes, freezes, and slowdowns.

To enhance the effectiveness of CHKDSK, consider enabling automatic PC maintenance with tools like Auslogics BoostSpeed . This can further optimize your system’s performance, ensuring a smoother and more efficient computing experience.

FAQ

The chkdsk /f command is faster and focuses on fixing file system errors, like corrupted files. The chkdsk /r command does everything /f does but also checks for bad sectors on the disk and attempts to recover data. This makes chkdsk /r more thorough but slower. If you’re only looking to fix minor errors, chkdsk /f is sufficient. If you suspect physical damage or data loss, chkdsk /r is better.

To run CHKDSK in Recovery Mode, follow these steps:

  • Boot your computer from a Windows installation media (USB or DVD).
  • On the Windows Setup screen, click Next , then select Repair your computer .
  • Choose Troubleshoot > Advanced options > Command Prompt .
  • In the Command Prompt window, type:

chkdsk C: /f /r

Replace C: with the drive letter you want to scan. This will run CHKDSK to check and repair your drive in Recovery Mode.

You can tell if CHKDSK is working by looking at the progress displayed on the screen during the scan. It shows a percentage as it checks each part of the drive.

After the scan is complete, you can view the results by going to the Event Viewer:

  • Press the Windows key + R, type “eventvwr,” and hit Enter.
  • In the Event Viewer, go to Windows Logs > Application .
  • Look for an event with the source Wininit to find the CHKDSK log and see detailed results.

Источник

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  • Running in File Explorer
  • |

  • Running in Command Prompt
  • |

  • Checking a Startup Disk
  • |

  • Using Disk Utility (Mac)
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  • Video
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  • Q&A

The chkdsk function is a tool that’s built into all computers that run on Windows operating systems. It allows you to check your hard disk for errors and repair them. You can also use it to check other disks, such as your D drive or an external hard drive. In this article, we’ll talk you through a few different ways to run chkdsk, including from File Explorer, using the Command Prompt, or from an installation disk. We’ll also cover how to check and repair your disks on a Mac.

  1. Step 1 Open File Explorer...

    Open File Explorer. The Error Checking tool lets you run the chkdsk function from your computer’s visual interface. No matter what version of Windows you’re using, it works basically the same way. Start by opening File Explorer or, if you’re using Windows 7 or earlier, Windows Explorer. Do this by clicking the

    Windows File Explorer

    Explorer icon in the Quick Access taskbar at the bottom of your screen. If you don’t see that option:

    • In Windows 10 or 11, use the keyboard command Win+E to launch File Explorer, or open File Explorer from the Start menu.[1]
    • In Windows 8, you can open File Explorer by clicking the File Explorer app in the Apps Screen.
    • In Windows 7, right-click the
      Windows 7 Start

      Start Button and select Open Windows Explorer in the shortcut menu that pops up.[2]

  2. Step 2 Select This PC from the left-hand menu.

    In the File Explorer or Windows Explorer window, click on This PC in the menu bar on the left side of the window. In Windows 8 and earlier, click on My Computer or Computer instead.[3]

    • In older versions of Windows, you can also click the
      Windows 7 Start

      Start Button in the lower left corner of your screen, then select Computer or My Computer to see a list of your drives.

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  3. Step 3 Right-click the disk you’d like to check.

    When you select This PC, Computer, or My Computer, a tab will open up in the File Explorer window showing all the disk drives associated with your computer. Select the one you want to check, usually called something like Local Disk (C:).[4]

    • You can also Ctrl+click the disk icon to open a pop-up menu.
  4. Step 4 Choose Properties from the popup menu.

    In the menu that opens, scroll down and select Properties. This will open a new pop-up window displaying the properties of the disk.[5]

  5. Step 5 Open the Tools tab.

    Find the Tools tab in the Properties window and click on it. You’ll see a heading called Error checking at the top of the Tools window with the option to check your disk.[6]

  6. Step 6 Click the Check button.

    Under Error checking, click the Check button to begin running a disk check. Depending on which version of Windows you’re running, you may see a dialog box with the text You don’t need to scan this drive. If you want to run the scan anyway, click Scan drive.

    • In some older versions of Windows, such as Windows 7, you will be able to select additional options, such as Automatically fix file system errors and Scan for and attempt recovery of bad sectors.[7]
    • Before you can successfully scan the disk, you’ll need to close any open programs and files. If any applications are still running, you may see an error message such as Windows can’t check the disk while it’s in use. If this happens, click Schedule disk check, close anything that’s open, and restart your computer to automatically run a check.
  7. Step 7 Select Show Details to see a detailed report.

    Once the scan is done, a window will pop up informing you that the scan is finished. If you want to see a list of any errors that showed up in the check, click Show Details. Otherwise, click Close to close the window.

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  1. Step 1 Open the Command...

    Open the Command Prompt app. The Command Prompt lets you run a disk check by entering a simple text command. To get started, type Command Prompt into the search bar in the bottom left corner of your screen, then select the Command Prompt app from the list of search results. Click Run as Administrator in the list of options under the app.[8]

    • You may see a prompt asking you to allow the app to make changes to your PC. If so, click Yes to continue.
  2. Step 2 Type in chkdsk and hit ↵ Enter.

    This is the most basic disk check command that you can enter in the Command Prompt. If you just type in chkdsk, the Command Prompt will scan your disk and give you a list of any errors it finds. However, it won’t fix any of them.[9]

    • If the drive is currently in use, Command Prompt may prompt you to restart your computer. Type Y and press Enter to restart.
  3. Step 3 Enter additional commands to fix errors or do a detailed scan.

    There are several other commands you can add to the chkdsk function, depending on what you’re trying to accomplish. You can see a full list of chkdsk commands on the Microsoft website: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/chkdsk. Some of the most important commands include:[10]

    • chkdsk <volume>:, which specifies which drive you want to scan. Replace <volume> with the letter that identifies the drive. For example, your local hard disk is usually c, while your CD-ROM or other external disk drive is typically d.
    • /f. Adding this command after chkdsk will cause the Command Prompt to fix any errors it finds.
    • /r, which both fixes errors and attempts to recover readable information from any bad sectors on the disk.
    • As an example, if you wanted to scan your C drive and fix any errors, you’d enter the command chkdsk c: /f.
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  1. Step 1 Use this option if you can’t boot up your computer.

    If your disk is having serious problems and can’t boot up properly, you can run chkdsk from a bootable external disk with Windows on it. The best way to do this depends on what version of Windows you’re running.

  2. Step 2 Insert the media you used to install your operating system.

    This could be a CD or DVD, a USB drive, or an external hard drive.

    • If you don’t have the original disk or media you used to install Windows, you can make one using a digital download of the operating system. You’ll need a blank USB flash drive with at least 5GB of space.[11]
  3. Step 3 Start your PC from the installation disk.

    The way to do this may vary depending on what kind of computer you have. If you’re not sure how to reboot from a disk, check the manual that came with your computer and follow the instructions there.[12]

    • For example, some PCs require you to press F8 repeatedly while booting up. Others need a different key combination, such as Del+F12.
    • If your PC is already set to boot up from an install disk, you may automatically be prompted to restart from the disk once you insert it into the drive and reboot your computer.
  4. Step 4 Select Repair your computer.

    Once your computer reboots from the disk, you’ll see a screen with several options. To run a disk check, first click on Repair your computer.[13]

  5. Step 5 Click Troubleshoot.

    In the Repair your computer menu, select Troubleshoot. This will open a new window with a variety of system recovery options.[14]

  6. Step 6 Open Advanced options.

    When the Troubleshoot menu opens, click on Advanced options.[15]

  7. Step 7 Select Command Prompt.

    In the Advanced options menu, you will see an option to launch Command Prompt. Click the Command Prompt button to open the Command Prompt app.

  8. Step 8 Enter the chkdsk command in Command Prompt.

    When Command Prompt opens, type in chkdsk to run a simple check and find any problems with your disk drive. You can also use more specific commands, such as:[16]

    • chkdsk c: /f, which will check your C drive (local hard disk) for any errors and fix them, if possible.
    • chkdsk c: /r, which will both fix errors and attempt to recover any readable data from bad sectors on your hard drive.
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  1. 1

    Launch Disk Utility from your Applications folder. If you’re able to boot up your Mac without any trouble, you can run the Disk Utility app from your Apps folder. Disk Utility performs many of the same functions as the chkdsk command on a PC. To open Disk Utility:[17]

    • Open a Finder window and click Applications in the sidebar menu on the left.
    • Scroll down in the Applications list and click the Utilities folder.
    • Double-click Disk Utility.
  2. 2

    Reboot your Mac in recovery mode if you can’t start up normally. Depending on whether your Mac has Apple Silicon or an Intel processor, there are two different ways to do this:[18]

    • For Apple Silicon, turn on your computer, but keep holding the power button until you see a menu screen with startup options. Click Options, then click Continue.
    • If you have an Intel processor, turn on your computer, then press and hold Command+R until the Apple logo appears.
    • Once you enter recovery mode, your computer may ask you to select a user and enter the password. If this happens, select the user, then hit Next. Enter the correct password for the selected user on the next screen.
    • Select Disk Utility from the Utilities window.
  3. 3

    Select Show All Devices to view your disks. In the Disk Utility app, click the View button in the top left corner of the app window. From there, select Show All Devices. Select the disk you want to check from the left-hand sidebar.[19]

  4. 4

    Choose the last volume on any disk you want to repair. If your disks are divided up into separate volumes, start by running a disk check on the lowest volume in the nested list.[20]

    • For instance, if you’re checking Macintosh HD, you might start by selecting Macintosh HD – Data.
    • As you check each volume, move up the list from volumes to containers to disks.
  5. 5

    Click First Aid. Once you’ve selected the volume, container, or disk you want to check, click on the First Aid button or tab at the top of the Disk Utility window. This button looks like a stethoscope.[21]

  6. 6

    Select Run. In some versions of the app, you may see a Repair Disk button instead. Click the button to begin running a disk check.[22]

    • You may be prompted to enter your administrator password to unlock the disk.
    • Once the disk check is done, click the Done button, then move on to checking the next volume, container, or disk. Quit the app and restart your computer when you’re finished.
    • The disk utility should repair any errors it finds. If finds an error that it can’t repair, you may need to reformat your disk.
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Add New Question

  • Question

    Why do I receive a «file not found» error when I run CHKDSK?

    Skooter1504

    Community Answer

    You are likely missing a file that’s important for the program to function. Make sure you have all required files for it.

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Источник

Встроенная утилита CHKDSK.exe (check disk) используется в Windows для проверки диска на ошибки. Сhkdsk проверяет файловую систему на физические и логические ошибки, находит поврежденные секторы (bad sectors) и исправляет найденные проблемы.

Содержание:

  • Проверка и восстановление диска с помощью команды chkdsk
  • Просмотр результатов проверки Chkdsk в Windows

Проверка и восстановление диска с помощью команды chkdsk

Чтобы проверить жесткий диск на ошибки, запустите командную строку с правами администратора и выполните:

chkdsk E: /F /R

Данная команда:

Полная проверка диска может занять длительное время в зависимости от емкости носителя и количества файлов. После окончания проверки диска вы увидите подробную статистику диска, информацию о поврежденных секторах и файлах, предпринятых действиях по восстановлению.

Если утилита chkdsk не обнаружила проблем на диске, появится сообщение:

Windows has scanned the file system and found no problems.
No further action is required.

chkdsk утилита проверки диска на ошибки в windows 10

Утилита chkdsk не позволяет выполнить online проверку системного диска (C:\). При запуске команды chkdsk C: /F /R появится уведомление:

Cannot lock current drive. Chkdsk cannot run because the volume is in use by another process.  Would you like to schedule this volume to be checked the next time the system restarts? (Y/N).
Невозможно выполнить команду Chkdsk, так как указанный том используется другим процессом. Следует ли выполнить проверку этого тома при следующей перезагрузке системы?

Чтобы запланировать проверку диска при следующей загрузке Windows, нажмите
Y
->
Enter
.

This volume will be checked the next time the system restarts
.

chkdsk системный диск заблокирован, запланировать его проверку при следующей перезагрузке

Чтобы отменить запланированную проверку диска, выполните:

chkntfs /x c:

Чтобы отключить топ перед проверкой, добавьте атрибут /X в команде chkdsk. В этом случае Windows принудительно закрое все открытые файловые дескрипторы, отмонтирует диск и выполнит проверку на ошибки.

Если вам нужно выполнить проверку большого NTFS тома, но вы не хотите блокировать диск, можно сначала просканировать диск на ошибки:

chkdsk E: /f /offlinescanandfix

Утилита найдет ошибки и сохранит их в файл $corrupt для дальнейшего исправления

Чтобы исправить найденные ошибки, не тратя время на полное сканирование тома, выполните:

chkdsk D: /spotfix

Это существенно сократит время недоступности тома для пользователя при исправлении ошибок.

В консоли PowerShell для проверки диска можно использовать командлет Repair-Volume как аналог команды chkdsk:

Repair-Volume -driveletter C -scan

Также рекомендуем перед проверкой проверить SMART состояние жестких дисков с помощью встроенных PowerShell командлетов из модуля управления дисками:

Get-PhysicalDisk | Sort Size | FT FriendlyName, Size, MediaType,SpindleSpeed, HealthStatus, OperationalStatus -AutoSize

powershell: команда получения данных smart о здоровье диска

Просмотр результатов проверки Chkdsk в Windows

Chkdsk при онлайн сканировании диска выводит результаты прямо в консоль. Если вы запланировали проверку диска при загрузке Windows, то результаты можно получить только из журнала событий Windows (Event Viewer).

  1. Откройте консоль Event Viewer (
    Eventvwr.msc
    ) и перейдите в раздел Windows Logs -> Application;
  2. Щелкните правой клавишей по разделы Application и выберите Filter Current Log. В поле Event Source выберите Chkdsk и Wininit и нажмите ОК;
    Логи chkdsk хранятся в Event Viewer

  3. Подробные результаты проверки диска содержатся в описании события. Обратите внимание, что у онлайн событий проверки диска будет указан источник Chkdsk. Если выполнялась офлайн проверка диска при загрузке Windows, у такого события будет источник Wininit и EventID 1001.
    Открыть детальный лог chkdsk в Windows

Можно получить лог проверки диска с помощью PowerShell командлета Get-WinEvent. Например, чтобы выгрузить результаты последних 5 проверок диска в текстовый файл CHKDSK_SCAN.txt на рабочем столе, выполните команду:

Get-WinEvent -FilterHashTable @{logname="Application"; id="1001"}| ?{$_.providername –match "wininit"} | fl timecreated, message| out-file $home\Desktop\CHKDSKResults.txt

Открыть полученный файл с логом chkdsk:

notepad.exe $home\Desktop\CHKDSKResults.txt

Выгрузить логи chkdsk в текстовый файл

Если размер лога Chkdks очень большой, журнал событий может обрезать его. В этом случае можно открыть полный лог проверки диск в System Volume Information. Чтобы получить доступ к этой папке, нужно запустить командную строку от имени SYSTEM (проще всего с помощью утилиты psexec):

.\PsExec.exe -i -s cmd.exe

После этого можно открыть лог chkdsk:

notepad.exe "c:\System Volume Information\Chkdsk\Chkdsk20231129072214.log"

Лог ckdsk в system volume information

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