Windows 7 файл autorun

An Autorun.inf file enables the automatic running of CD files on your computer. When you insert a CD/DVD into the drive, this application allows the files to run without manual prompting. They are in synchronization with the system configuration. Autorun has been popularised by Windows and it saves a lot of time and effort for the user.

Intro

This document explains how to form an autorun inf file. It also tells you how to customize the icon text and icon menu. When we insert a CD, we find that the files on it can be run automatically. This is a utility provided for users by Windows.

However, before we can use it we need to verify if it is enabled on our system. Running a file automatically saves a lot of time and effort.

This article gives us an insight into creating such file and customizing the icon text and menu.

Allowing autorun

Windows provide users with a simple utility that automatically runs applications of a CD when inserted into the CD drive.

To make use of this option, you must verify that it is enabled under your system configuration.

This procedure is due to the «Autorun.inf» (primary instruction file associated with the Autorun utility) found at the root directory of the CD.

Creating an Autorun.inf file

First, create a new (text-only) file and name it as Autorun.inf. Once created, open it with your favorite text editor and type in the following syntax:

[autorun]

parameter=value

It should be like this :

[autorun]

open=myapplication.exe

Variations

If the selected application is found in a subfolder, the path must be specified:

[autorun]

open=folderA\folderA1\myapplication.exe

If an argument is passed for the application to be autoplayed:

[autorun]

open=myapplication /argument

Customizing the icon

If you want to change the default icon, add the following syntax:

icon=icon.ext

Example:

[autorun]

open=myapplication.exe

icon=myicon.jpg

The icon file should also reside in the root directory of the CD.

Customizing the icon text

Simply add the following command line:

label=My application

To edit the menu that appears when you right-click on the icon, simply add the following syntax:

shell=start shell\start\command=path/myapplication.exe 

shell\start=Run Application

shell\read\command=notepad++.exe files/readme.txt 

shell\read=open readme.txt 

Keep in mind that the following parameters should be defined:

shell\*\command and shell\* are the keywords: firstly for defining the application to be executed and secondly for the text displayed in the menu.

Any more Windows questions? Check out our forum!

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

An autorun.inf file is a text file that can be used by the AutoRun and AutoPlay components of Microsoft Windows operating systems. For the file to be discovered and used by these component, it must be located in the root directory of a volume. As Windows has a case-insensitive view of filenames, the autorun.inf file can be stored as AutoRun.inf or Autorun.INF or any other case combination.

The AutoRun component was introduced in Windows 95 as a way of reducing support costs. AutoRun enabled application CD-ROMs to automatically launch a program which could then guide the user through the installation process. By placing settings in an autorun.inf file, manufacturers could decide what actions were taken when their CD-ROM was inserted. The simplest autorun.inf files have just two settings: one specifying an icon to represent the CD in Windows Explorer (or «My Computer») and one specifying which application to run.

Extra settings have been added in successive versions of Windows to support AutoPlay and other new features.

autorun.inf is an ASCII text file located in the root folder of a CD-ROM or other volume device medium (See AutoPlay device types). The structure is that of a classic Windows .ini file, containing information and commands as «key=value» pairs, grouped into sections.^[1] These keys specify:

• The name and the location of a program to call when the medium is inserted (the «AutoRun task»).
• The name of a file that contains an icon that represents the medium in Explorer (instead of the standard drive icon).
• Commands for the menu that appears when the user right-clicks the drive icon.
• The default command that runs when the user double-clicks the drive icon.
• Settings that alter AutoPlay detection routines or search parameters.
• Settings that indicate the presence of drivers.

Autorun.inf has been used to execute a malicious program automatically, without the user knowing.^[2][3][4][5] This functionality was removed in Windows 7 and a patch for Windows XP and Vista was released on August 25, 2009 and included in Microsoft Automatic Updates on February 8, 2011.^[3][5][6][7]

The mere existence of an autorun.inf file on a medium does not mean that Windows will automatically read it or use its settings. How an inf file is handled depends on the version of Windows in use, the volume drive type and certain Registry settings.

Assuming Registry settings allow AutoRun, then the following autorun.inf handling takes place:

• Windows versions prior to Windows XP

On any drive type, the autorun.inf is read, parsed and instructions followed immediately and silently.^[8]

The «AutoRun task» is the application specified by the open or shellexecute keys. If an AutoRun task is specified it is executed immediately without user interaction.

• Windows XP, prior to Service Pack 2

Introduction of AutoPlay.

Drives of type DRIVE_CDROM invoke AutoPlay if no autorun.inf file is found.

Drives of type DRIVE_REMOVABLE do not use the autorun.inf file.^[1] Any discovered removable media are handled by AutoPlay.

All other handling is as before.

• XP Service Pack 2 and up (includes Vista)

Drives of type DRIVE_FIXED are now handled by AutoPlay. Any specified AutoRun task appears as an option within the AutoPlay dialog together with any text specified by the optional action key.^[9]

Drives of type DRIVE_REMOVABLE now use autorun.inf but continue to be handled by AutoPlay. Any specified AutoRun task needs to be paired with the mandatory action key to appear as an option within the AutoPlay dialog. Otherwise the AutoRun task is omitted.^[9]

All other handling is as before.

• Vista and later

The AutoRun task is no longer automatically and silently executed on any drive type. All volumes are handled by AutoPlay which, by default, will present an appropriate dialog to the user.

• Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows 10

For all drive types, except DRIVE_CDROM, the only keys available in the [autorun] section are label and icon. Any other keys in this section will be ignored. Thus only CD and DVD media types can specify an AutoRun task or affect double-click and right-click behaviour.^[9][10]

There is a patch available, KB971029 for Windows XP and later, that will change AutoRun functionality to this behaviour.^[11]

This simple autorun.inf file specifies setup.exe as the application to run when AutoRun is activated. The first icon stored within setup.exe itself will represent the drive in Explorer:

[autorun]
open=setup.exe
icon=setup.exe,0
label=My install CD

Following are the sections and keys allowed in a valid autorun.inf.^[9] There also exist architecture specific section types for systems such as Windows NT 4 running on RISC. However these are long outdated and not described here.

The autorun section contains the default AutoRun commands. An autorun.inf file must contain this section to be valid. Keys allowed are:

action=text

action=@[filepath\]filename,-resourceID

Windows XP SP2 or later; drives of type DRIVE_REMOVABLE and DRIVE_FIXED

Specifies text used in the AutoPlay dialog to represent the program specified in the open or shellexecute keys. The text is expressed as either text or as a resource reference. The icon is displayed next to the text. This item is always first in the AutoPlay dialog and is always selected by default.

If the (action) key does not appear on drives of type:

DRIVE_REMOVABLE

the AutoPlay dialog appears but without additional menu items. Essentially, the AutoRun task is omitted. This makes the action key mandatory for drives of this type.

DRIVE_FIXED

default text is created and used in the AutoPlay dialog.

On all other drive types the key is ignored.

icon=iconfilename[,index]

The name of a file resource containing an icon. This icon replaces the standard drive icon in Windows Explorer. This file must be in the same directory as the file specified by the open key.

label=text

Specifies a text label representing the drive in Windows Explorer.

open=[exepath\]exefile [param1 [param2 ...]]

Specifies the path, file name and optional parameters to the application that AutoRun launches when a user inserts a disc in the drive. It is the CreateProcess function that is called by AutoRun. Note that if the application name includes spaces the path should be enclosed in double quote, e.g. open=»»spread sheets.exe»»

shellexecute=[filepath\]filename [param1 [param2 ...]]

Windows 2000, Windows ME or later

Similar to open, but using file association information to run the application. The file name can therefore be an executable or a data file. It is the ShellExecuteEx function that is called by AutoRun.

UseAutoPlay=1

Windows XP or later; drives of type DRIVE_CDROM

Use AutoPlay rather than AutoRun with CD-ROMs. The action taken on CD-ROM insertion will depend on the version of Windows being used.

On versions of Windows earlier than XP, this key has no effect and actions specified by open or shellexecute are performed.

On Windows XP and later, the user will be presented with the AutoPlay dialog and any actions specified by open or shellexecute are ignored.

shell\verb\command=[exepath\]exefile [param1 [param2 ...]]

Adds a custom command to the drive’s shortcut menu. verb is a string with no embedded spaces. verb is also the text that will appear in the shortcut menu unless specifically altered to some other text. See below for an example.

shell\verb=menu text

Optionally specify the text displayed in the shortcut menu for the verb above. Use an ampersand (&) to select a hotkey for the menu. See below for an example.

shell=verb

Defines the menu command referred to by shell\verb as the default command in the shortcut menu. The default command is the command executed when the drive icon is double-clicked. If missing, the default menu item will be «AutoPlay», which launches the application specified by the open entry.

Example:

shell\readme\command=notepad readme.txt
shell\readme=Read & Me
shell=readme

Windows Vista or later

The Content section allows authors to communicate the type and intent of content to AutoPlay without AutoPlay having to examine the media.

Valid keys are: MusicFiles, PictureFiles, VideoFiles. Each key can be set to indicate true or false values and values are not case sensitive.

true or (1, y, yes, t)

display the handlers associated with that content type

false or (0, n, no, f)

do not display the handlers associated with that content type

Example:

[Content]
MusicFiles=Y
PictureFiles=0
VideoFiles=false

Windows Vista or later

Limits AutoPlay’s content search to only those folders listed, and their subfolders. The folder names are always taken as absolute paths (a path from the root directory of the media) whether or not a leading slash is used.

Example:

[ExclusiveContentPaths]
\pictures
\music
more music\special

Windows Vista or later

AutoPlay’s content search system will not scan the folders listed, nor their subfolders. IgnoreContentPaths takes precedence over ExclusiveContentPaths so if a path given in a [IgnoreContentPaths] section is a subfolder of a path given in an [ExclusiveContentPaths] section it is still ignored.

Example:

[IgnoreContentPaths]
pictures
\music
more music\special

Only Windows XP^[9]

This section is used to indicate where driver files may be located. This prevents a lengthy search through the entire contents of a CD-ROM. Windows XP will fully search:

• floppy disks in drives A or B
• CD/DVD media less than 1 GB in size.

without this section present. All other media should include this section to have Windows XP autodetect any drivers stored on that media.

The section is not used with AutoRun or AutoPlay and is only referred to during a driver installation phase. The only valid key is:

DriverPath=directorypath

which lists a path Windows will search for driver files. All subdirectories of that path are also searched. Multiple key entries are allowed.

If no DriverPath entry is provided in the [DeviceInstall] section or the DriverPath entry has no value, then that drive is skipped during a search for driver files.

Example:

[DeviceInstall]
DriverPath=drivers\video 
DriverPath=drivers\audio

[autorun]
open=setup.exe
icon=setup.exe,0
label=My install CD

• AutoRun
• Installation
• AutoPlay

• https://web.archive.org/web/20121220071928/http://dailycupoftech.com/usb-drive-autoruninf-tweaking/
• https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1232966/auto-run-appilication-while-plug-in-usb-drive
• http://www.samlogic.net/articles/autorun.htm
• http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/autolaunch-apps-usb-stick-windows/
• http://www.autoitscript.com/site/autoit/
• https://web.archive.org/web/20120505010938/http://go4answers.webhost4life.com/Example/launch-net-application-usb-drive-41597.aspx

Autorun.inf structure and making

1. Introduction to Autorun.inf
2. Autorun.inf samples
3. How to create Autorun.inf?
4. Autorun.inf structure and commands
5. Autorun.inf drawbacks
6. Why Autorun.inf does not work on my or user’s computer?
7. How to enable/disable Autorun.inf?
8. How to test Autorun.inf?
9. Autorun.inf and mixed cds

Introduction to Autorun.inf

When you insert a CD into the computer, Windows looks if AUTORUN.INF file
is located in the root folder of a CD. If AUTORUN.INF is found, then Windows
follows the instructions in this file to run a program.

If you want your program, document, presentation or web page to be open, once a
CD is inserted, then you need to create AUTORUN.INF file or just use our 1st AutoRun Express utility.

Autorun.inf samples

We’ll learn AUTORUN.INF structure in details later. Now take a look at the
following sample AUTORUN.INF file:

[autorun]
open=Setup.exe
icon=Setup.exe,1

This sample AUTORUN.INF file tells Windows to run Setup.exe program located
in the CD root folder. Also it specifies that Windows should use first icon
from Setup.exe to display this CD in Explorer.

You may create and edit AUTORUN.INF file manually (using Windows Notepad) or
you may use 1st AutoRun Express utility to
create your own autorun CDs with a few clicks!

Autorun.inf structure and commands

AUTORUN.INF is a text file that should contain an Autorun section. This
section starts with a header:

[autorun]

and should be followed with commands. There are the following commands
available:

icon=my.ico
icon=setup.exe,1

Icon command specifies an icon for the CD drive in My Computer. You may
specify an icon file directly or an exe/dll file with icons inside and specify
an index of the desired icon. Please note, that
1st AutoRun Express allows you to pick icons visually
and copies icon automatically to the burning folder if you pick an icon
outside the CD.

label=My Presentation

Label command specifies a text label that is displayed for this CD in Explorer

shell\readme\command=notepad README.TXT
shell\readme=Read &me
shell\software\command=Setup.exe
shell\software=Setup the software

Use a series of shell commands to specify one or more entries in the pop-up
menu that appears when the user right-clicks on the CD icon. (The shell entries
supplement the open command.)

This example shows how to add two entries to the menu (Read me — to display
the README.TXT file in Notepad, and Setup the software — to start the software
installation by running the «setup.exe» file.)

Any verb string (without spaces) can appear after «shell\»; «readme» and
«software» were used above.

On one line, append «\command=» followed by the command you want to run. On
the next line, append «=» and the text that appears in the menu. Put an
ampersand character (&) before the character that should be used as the
menu item short-cut key.

[DeviceInstall]

Windows XP also supports a [DeviceInstall] section in AUTORUN.INF with the
DriverPath command specifying a base directory for driver file searches.

[autorun.mips]
[autorun.alpha]
[autorun.ppc]

AUTORUN.INF may have other sections for other NT/W2000 users,
ie MIPS, DEC Alpha, and PowerPC.

Autorun.inf drawbacks

Major Autorun.inf drawback is that it only allows you to run programs, but
not documents, HTML pages etc.

If you target Windows 2000/XP only, then you may overcome this limitation
by using shellexecute command. Otherwise you can try to use the «start»
command as in the following example:

[autorun]
open=start index.html

However, if you do this, Windows displays a DOS box briefly, and «start»
command might not be available on some systems.

And in both cases, if users do not have the appropriate software installed on their system (for example to view DOC files), then
they will not be able to read your document!

Another drawback is that you can not start several documents or show a menu.

If you want to open one or several documents, web pages etc. in any Windows version
guaranteed, without flickering DOS box, ensuring that user will be able to read your documents, then you may use 1st AutoRun Express utility to create your own
autorun CDs and menus with a few clicks.

Why Autorun.inf does not work on my or user’s computer?

Your CD users may have switched off autorun. This might be because they are concerned about viruses.
Also, if they press the Shift key down while inserting the CD, AutoRun is disabled.
In Windows NT4, 2000 and XP systems, only Administrators and Power Users can use AutoRun.

There is no way to force your users to use AutoRun. It is therefore good practice to
provide instructions so that users know how to start your CD, eg tell them to
open file index.htm in their browser. These instructions are also required
if your CD might be viewed by non-Windows users.

How to disable Autorun.inf?

To test AutoRun you need to have it enabled on your computer. A registry
setting can be used to disable AutoRun. Click Start|Run then type in
regedit. Select Edit|Find and type in NoDriveTypeAutoRun. This
value should be found in this key:
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer.

The NoDriveTypeAutoRun value should be hexadecimal 95 if AutoRun is enabled
on all CDs, or B5 if disabled for CDs. (If you want to test AutoRun on a
floppy disk, set this value to 91.) You may need to change more than one
instance of NoDriveTypeAutoRun in the registry. You usually need to reboot
for a new value to take effect.

In Windows 95/98/Me the NoDriveTypeAutoRun value is displayed as 95 00 00 00.
In Windows NT4, 2000 and XP this value is displayed as 0x00000095 or
hexadecimal 95. If you modify the NoDriveTypeAutoRun value make sure it is
still in the correct format.

There are two other — uncommon — ways of disabling AutoRun. The
NoDriveAutoRun registry value is in the same key as NoDriveTypeAutoRun. Each
bit represents each drive, so hexadecimal 01 disables AutoRun for floppy
drive A, 04 disables AutoRun for drive C, 10 disables AutoRun on E. Values can
be combined, so 19 disables AutoRun on E, D and A.

If either NoDriveTypeAutoRun or NoDriveAutoRun specify that AutoRun should
be disabled for a drive, then it is disabled for that drive.

Finally, programmers might like to know that AutoRun can also be disabled
by the program that controls the foreground window by handling the
«QueryCancelAutoPlay» Windows message. Please consult the Microsoft
documentation for more details.

How to test Autorun.inf?

If you want to preview your autorun CD without actual burning, then you may
try the SUBST command. This command allows you to create a virtual drive that
is actually a folder on your physical drive.

Copy your autorun CD contents into the specific folder on your CD. Let’s it
be «C:\My CD». Then click Start|Run and enter:

subst O: "C:\My CD"

Where O: is an unused drive name. Click OK and after this command you will find
a new drive O: in My Computer with the same contents as in C:\My CD folder. It
should display an icon specified in AUTORUN.INF and when you double-click its icon
it will autorun.

To remove substitution later please use the following command:

subst O: /d

Also, when you are using our utility 1st AutoRun Express
to create autorun cd, then you may test how autorun will run directly from inside
the program.

Autorun.inf and mixed cds

Enhanced CDs contain both music audio and computer data, so they can
be played on audio equipment and used on a computer. (Enhanced CDs are also
known as CD Extra or CD Plus CDs.) Note that the Mixed-mode CDs also contain
audio and data, but these may not be playable on audio equipment.

Note that not all Windows computers will recognise the data on an
Enhanced CD, although the audio is always seen. (Windows Me, 2000 and XP
usually seem to recognise Enhanced CD data, but it may be drive
dependent.) Therefore, do not use this format if you want to be sure that
your data is available.

If the Enhanced CD data does not have an AUTORUN.INF file, then Windows will
usually start playing the CD when it is inserted. However, if an AUTORUN.INF is
present, then Windows will follow the instructions in there rather than playing
the CD.

The data on an Enhanced CD can only use short filenames or folder names.
Long filenames will be truncated to an «8.3» form, eg «index.html» may appear
as «INDEX~1.HTM».