Windows 10 домашняя core

Windows 10 Home, Pro, Enterprise, Education, S или IoT Core — выберите вариант, соответствующий вашим задачам.

Независимо от того, хотите вы обновиться до Windows 10, приобрести новый компьютер или просто переустановить систему, вам понадобится выбрать редакцию. У этой ОС есть четыре главные редакции и ещё пара побочных. Разбираемся, чем они отличаются и кому подходят.

Выбор разрядности системы

Прежде чем выбирать редакцию Windows, нужно определить разрядность системы. Microsoft предоставляет 32-разрядную версию Windows 10 для старых процессоров и 64-разрядную — для новых.

Грубо говоря, если ваш компьютер был создан после 2007 года, он скорее всего оснащён 64-разрядным процессором. Полное руководство по определению разрядности процессора вы можете посмотреть здесь.

Выбор подходящей редакции

Windows 10 Home

Начальная редакция Windows 10, предустановленная на большинстве компьютеров и ноутбуков, которые можно найти в продаже. Эта версия не имеет продвинутых инструментов для обеспечения безопасности бизнес-данных, как в старших редакциях, но они не особенно-то и нужны домашним пользователям.

В Home Edition есть все универсальные приложения от Microsoft, такие как «Календарь», «Почта», «Карты», «Фильмы» и «Фотографии».

Основной недостаток Windows 10 Home Edition — наличие рекламных приложений, которые время от времени автоматически устанавливаются в ваше меню «Пуск». Впрочем, при желании их можно удалить.

Лицензия на Домашнюю версию Windows 10 стоит 9 499 рублей.

Кому выбрать: Windows 10 Home Edition подойдёт большинству обычных пользователей. Да, в ней нет встроенных инструментов для шифрования, но при желании вы можете установить самостоятельно сторонние программы.

Windows 10 Home в Microsoft Store →

Windows 10 Pro

Windows 10 Pro — более продвинутая редакция ОС от Microsoft. Она содержит все те же инструменты и приложения, что и Home Edition, плюс несколько дополнительных функций:

  • Инструмент Microsoft Hyper‑V. Используется для запуска операционных систем семейств Windows и Linux в виртуальных машинах. Полезен для разработчиков и системных администраторов, которые занимаются тестированием ПО. Обычные пользователи предпочтут применять для экспериментов более понятный VirtualBox.
  • Центр обновления Windows Update for Business. Предоставляет некоторые дополнительные обновления вдобавок к тем, что доступны в редакции Home. Кроме того, позволяет откладывать установку обновлений.
  • Средства безопасности Device Guard и Secure Boot. Device Guard предназначен для защиты от атак нулевого дня и полиморфных вирусов. Secure Boot защищает от буткитов, которые могут запуститься вместе с системой во время включения компьютера.
  • BitLocker. Инструмент для шифрования данных. При желании можно зашифровать хоть всю систему целиком. Полезно для тех, кто хранит на компьютере важные рабочие файлы и опасается, что они окажутся не в тех руках.
  • Управление групповыми политиками. Используется для работы с настройками множества компьютеров через локальную сеть. Необходимо системным администраторам.

Лицензия на Профессиональную версию Windows 10 стоит 14 199 рублей.

Кому выбрать: Windows 10 Pro ориентирована на малые предприятия. Но и обычные пользователи могут приобрести эту редакцию, если нуждаются в продвинутых инструментах безопасности и шифрования.

Windows 10 Pro в Microsoft Store →

Windows 10 Enterprise

Windows 10 Enterprise рассчитана на корпоративное применение. Она включает в себя тот же набор инструментов, что и Windows Pro. Но, помимо этого, редакция Enterprise предоставляет доступ к обновлениям Long-Term Service Branch (LTSB). Это означает, что на ваш компьютер будут устанавливаться только проверенные и самые стабильные обновления, к тому же вы сможете откладывать их получение.

В Windows 10 Enterprise отсутствуют универсальные приложения вроде «Почты», «Календаря», «Карт» и других. Кроме того, на устройства с такой операционной системой не устанавливаются рекламные приложения.

Цена на Windows 10 Enterprise зависит от количества копий, которые вы желаете приобрести. Сначала вам придётся установить на свои компьютеры Windows 10 Pro, а уж потом обновить её до Windows 10 Enterprise. Найти сертифицированных поставщиков и уточнить цены можно на сайте Microsoft или по телефону в Центре лицензирования Microsoft.

Кому выбрать: Windows 10 Enterprise разработана специально для средних и крупных предприятий и организаций. Для обычных пользователей её возможностей будет многовато.

Windows 10 Enterprise на сайте Microsoft →

Windows 10 Education

Это редакция Windows 10 для образовательных учреждений. В общем и целом она похожа на Windows 10 Enterprise, но в ней отсутствует возможность присоединиться к каналу обновлений LTSB. Упор в этой редакции Windows делается на предоставление инструментов для студентов и преподавателей.

Здесь есть приложение для настройки учебных компьютеров и инструмент для проведения тестов и экзаменов. Кроме того, пользователи Windows 10 Education получают доступ к образовательному разделу магазина Microsoft Store.

Версия доступна только через академическое лицензирование. Вам придётся сначала установить Windows 10 Home или Pro, а затем обновиться до Education.

Кому выбрать: владельцам академических учреждений. Ориентация на образовательные приложения обычным пользователям точно ни к чему.

Windows 10 Education на сайте Microsoft →

Windows 10 S

Строго говоря, Windows 10 S — это не редакция, а особый режим для Windows 10 Home или Pro, который вы можете включить, если у вас вдруг возникнет такое желание. Он доступен также в редакциях Enterprise и Education.

В Windows 10 S ограничен набор доступных приложений. Вы можете использовать только те варианты, которые устанавливаются из Microsoft Store. Просматривать страницы в интернете здесь можно только через браузер Edge. Благодаря таким ограничениям Windows 10 S значительно легче и быстрее полноценных версий ОС, но вам придётся работать только с теми инструментами, что предлагает в своём магазине Microsoft.

Этот режим чаще всего применяется на планшетах и ноутбуках-трансформерах.

Кому выбрать: Windows 10 S используют те, на чьих устройствах она уже установлена. Конечно, вы можете установить её где захотите, но приготовьтесь столкнуться с рядом ограничений.

Windows 10 S на сайте Microsoft →

Windows 10 IoT Core

Windows 10 IoT Core (IoT означает Internet of Things, «Интернет вещей») предназначена для установки на разнообразные устройства и гаджеты. Хотите запрограммировать какого-нибудь робота, собранного вами, переоборудовать своё старое радио, обеспечив ему доступ в интернет, установить Windows на свой медиацентр или собственноручно создать устройство на базе Arduino? Воспользуйтесь Windows 10 IoT Core. Версия подходит и для различных однопалатных компьютеров, таких как Arrow DragonBoard 410c и Raspberry Pi 3.

Кому выбрать: Windows 10 IoT Core предназначена для опытных пользователей, которые увлекаются электроникой. Кроме того, она пригодится, если вы создаёте какой-нибудь высокотехнологичный стартап.

Windows 10 IoT Core на сайте Microsoft →

Источник

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Windows 10 has several editions, all with varying feature sets, use cases, or intended devices. Certain editions are distributed only on devices directly from an original equipment manufacturer (OEM), while editions such as Enterprise and Education are only available through volume licensing channels. Microsoft also makes editions of Windows 10 available to device manufacturers for use on specific classes of devices, including IoT devices, and previously marketed Windows 10 Mobile for smartphones.

Baseline editions are the only editions available as standalone purchases in retail outlets. PCs often come pre-installed with one of these editions.

Home
Windows 10 Home is designed for use in PCs, tablets and 2-in-1 PCs. It includes all features directed at consumers.[1][2][3]
Pro
Windows 10 Pro includes all features of Windows 10 Home, with additional capabilities that are oriented towards professionals and business environments, such as Active Directory, Remote Desktop, BitLocker, Hyper-V, and Windows Defender Device Guard.[1][2][3]
Pro for Workstations
Windows 10 Pro for Workstations is designed for high-end hardware for intensive computing tasks and supports Intel Xeon, AMD Opteron and the latest AMD Epyc processors; up to 4 CPUs; up to 256 cores; up to 6 TB RAM; the ReFS file system; Non-Volatile Dual In-line Memory Module (NVDIMM); and remote direct memory access (RDMA).[4][5][6]

Organizational editions

[edit]

These editions add features to facilitate centralized control of many installations of the OS within an organization. The main avenue of acquiring them is a volume licensing contract with Microsoft.

Education
Windows 10 Education is distributed through Academic Volume Licensing. It was based on Windows 10 Enterprise and initially reported to have the same feature set.[1][2][3] As of version 1709, however, this edition has fewer features. See § Comparison chart for details.
Pro Education
This edition was introduced in July 2016 for hardware partners on new devices purchased with the discounted K–12 academic license. It was based on the Pro edition of Windows 10 and contains mostly the same features as Windows 10 Pro with different options disabled by default, and adds options for setup and deployment in an education environment. It also features a «Set Up School PCs» app that allows provisioning of settings using a USB flash drive, and does not include Cortana, Microsoft Store suggestions, Windows Sandbox, or Windows Spotlight.[7][8][9]
Enterprise
Windows 10 Enterprise provides all the features of Windows 10 Pro for Workstations, with additional features to assist with IT-based organizations.[1][2][3] Windows 10 Enterprise is configurable on two servicing channels, Semi-Annual Channel and Windows Insider Program.[10]
Enterprise LTSC
Enterprise LTSC (Long-Term Servicing Channel) is a long-term support variant of Windows 10 Enterprise, released every 2 to 3 years. Each release is supported with security updates for either 5 or 10 years after its release, and intentionally receives no feature updates.[11] Some features, including the Microsoft Store and bundled apps, are not included in this edition.[12][1][3] This edition was first released as Windows 10 Enterprise LTSB (Long-Term Servicing Branch).[13] There are currently 4 releases of LTSC: one in 2015 (RTM), one in 2016 (version 1607), one in 2018 (labeled as 2019, version 1809), and one in 2021 (version 21H2).[14][15]
Enterprise multi-session
Windows 10 Enterprise multi-session, a multi-session variant of Enterprise edition, included with Azure Virtual Desktop, allows multiple concurrent interactive sessions. Previously, only Windows Server could do this. A cloud-based alternative to an on-premise Remote Desktop Server (RDS). AVD is deployed in Azure Cloud as a virtual machine. License costs are already included in several Microsoft 365 subscriptions, including Microsoft 365 Business Premium or Microsoft 365 E3.

Since 2018, OEMs can ship Windows 10 Home and Pro in a feature-limited variation named S mode which evolved from the discontinued Windows 10 S. Organizations employing Windows 10 Enterprise or Windows 10 Education can make use of S mode too.[16] S mode is a feature-limited edition of Windows 10 designed primarily for low-end devices in the education market. It has a faster initial setup and login process, and allows devices to be provisioned using a USB drive with the «Set Up School PCs» app.

With the exception of the Microsoft Teams desktop client (which was made available for S mode in April 2019),[citation needed] the installation of software (both Universal Windows Platform (UWP) and Windows API apps) is only possible through the Microsoft Store, and built-in and Microsoft Store-obtained command line programs or shells cannot be run in this mode.[17][18][19][20] System settings are locked to allow only Microsoft Edge as the default web browser with Bing as its search engine.[21] The operating system may be switched out of S mode using the Microsoft Store for free. However, once S Mode is turned off, it cannot be re-enabled.[22][23] All Windows 10 devices in S mode include a free one-year subscription to Minecraft: Education Edition.[citation needed] Critics have compared the edition to Windows RT, and have considered it to be an alternative to ChromeOS.[22][24][25][26][27]

Device-specific editions

[edit]

A desktop of Windows 10 Team

These editions are licensed to OEMs only, and are primarily obtained via the purchase of hardware that includes it:

Holographic
A specific edition used by Microsoft’s HoloLens mixed reality smartglasses.[28][29]
Team
A specific edition used by Microsoft’s Surface Hub interactive whiteboard.[30]

Rebranded from Microsoft’s earlier operating system editions in the Windows Embedded family. Binary identical to their non-IoT counterparts with version 1809 and older,[31] while newer versions add support for smaller storage devices.[32][33] Available via OEMs and volume licensing for specific versions.[34]

IoT Enterprise
Intended specifically for use in small footprint, low-cost devices and IoT scenarios.[35][36]
IoT Enterprise LTSC
Long-Term Servicing Channel variant. Replaces all IoT Core edition variants starting with the 2021 release.[37][38] Furthermore, the 2021 release gains an extra 5 years of support compared to its non-IoT counterpart[39] and is available via volume licensing for the first time.[34]

Discontinued editions

[edit]

The following editions of Windows 10 were discontinued (as of Windows 10 version 21H2). For both Mobile and Mobile Enterprise, Microsoft confirmed it was exiting the consumer mobile devices market, so no successor product is available.[40]

Mobile
Windows 10 Mobile was designed for smartphones and small tablets. It included all basic consumer features, including Continuum capability. It was the de facto successor of Windows Phone 8.1 and Windows RT.[1][2]
Mobile Enterprise
Windows 10 Mobile Enterprise provided all of the features in Windows 10 Mobile, with additional features to assist IT-based organizations, in a manner similar to Windows 10 Enterprise, but optimized for mobile devices.[1][2]
IoT Mobile
A binary equivalent of Windows 10 Mobile Enterprise licensed for IoT applications. Also known as IoT Mobile Enterprise.[41][42]
IoT Core/IoT Core LTSC
Windows 10 IoT Core was optimized for smaller and lower-cost industry devices. It was also formerly provided free of charge for use in devices like the Raspberry Pi for hobbyist use. Only UWP apps are supported, and only one at a time at that.[38] Discontinued after version 1809. Support ended on 10 November 2020 for non-LTSC,[43] while IoT Core LTSC (2019/version 1809) support will continue until 9 January 2029.[44][45] Merged into and replaced by IoT Enterprise LTSC starting with the 2021/version 21H2 release.[37][38]
S
Windows 10 S was an edition released in 2017 which ultimately evolved into the so-called S mode of Windows 10. In March 2018, Microsoft announced that it would be phasing out Windows 10 S, citing confusion among manufacturers and end-users.[46][47]
Polaris
Polaris was made for desktops and laptops; only one build was leaked in 2021. It was known as «Windows OneCore 10» in the Windows Boot Manager.[citation needed]
Lean
Lean was meant to be used for cheaper desktops and laptops with a small storage capacity and resources, it could fit even on a 16 GB hard drive; only one build was released in 2018, the setup identifies the edition as «Windows 10 Lean».[48]
Andromeda
Andromeda was demonstrated on the Lumia 950.[49] The project was canceled for unknown reasons.
10X
Originally announced for use on dual-screen devices such as the Surface Neo and other potential form factors, 10X featured a modified user interface designed around context specific interactions or «postures» on such devices, including a redesigned Start menu with no tiles, and use of container technology to run Win32 software.[50][51] The platform was described as a more direct competitor to ChromeOS.[52][53] On May 4, 2020, Microsoft announced that Windows 10X would first be used on single-screen devices, and that they would «continue to look for the right moment, in conjunction with our OEM partners, to bring dual-screen devices to market».[54] Microsoft also added anti-theft protection to Windows 10X, just like how Apple’s Activation Lock and anti-theft protection on Android devices and Chromebooks work.[55] On May 18, 2021, Head of Windows Servicing and Delivery John Cable stated that Windows 10X had been cancelled, and that its foundational technologies would be leveraged for future Microsoft products.[56] Several design changes in 10X, notably the centered taskbar and redesigned start menu, would be later introduced in Windows 11.[57]

Regional variations

[edit]

N/KN
As with previous versions of Windows since Windows XP, all Windows 10 editions for PC hardware have «N» and «KN» variations in Europe and South Korea that exclude multimedia functionality, in compliance with antitrust rulings.[58] According to details that Microsoft has published, any app that relies on Microsoft multimedia technologies experiences impaired functionality on these editions, unable to even play audio notification tones.[59] Restoring the missing functionality to these editions entails installing the «Media Feature Pack», followed by Skype, Movies & TV, Windows Media Player, Xbox Game Bar, Windows Voice Recorder, and four codecs.[59] The variation cannot be changed without a clean install, and keys for one variation will not work on other variations.
Home with Bing
As with Windows 8.1, a reduced-price «Windows 10 with Bing» SKU is available to OEMs; it is subsidized by having Microsoft’s Bing search engine set as default, which cannot be changed to a different search engine by OEMs. It is intended primarily for low-cost devices, and is otherwise identical to Windows 10 Home.[60][61]
Home Single Language
In some emerging markets,[citation needed] OEMs preinstall a variation of Windows 10 Home called Single Language without the ability to switch the display language. To change the display language, the user will need to upgrade to the standard editions of Windows 10 Home or Windows 10 Pro. It is otherwise identical to Windows 10 Home. However, it should not be confused with the standard OEM editions of Windows 10, where OEMs and mobile operators can restrict which display languages are preloaded and/or made available for download and installation for their target markets.
CMIT Government Edition
In May 2017, it was reported that Microsoft, as part of its partnership with China Electronics Technology Group, created a specially-modified variant of Windows 10 Enterprise («G») designed for use within branches of the Chinese government. This variant is pre-configured to «remove features that are not needed by Chinese government employees», and allow the use of its internal encryption algorithms.[62][63]
OEM variants (PC and Mobile)
As with Windows 10 Mobile and previous versions of Windows since Windows Phone 7 for smartphones and Windows 8 for PCs (since its mobile counterpart shares the same Windows NT kernel), device manufacturers (as well as mobile operators for devices with cellular capabilities) who preload Windows 10 can choose not to support certain display languages either during the OOBE process or available as optional downloads via Settings and/or the Microsoft Store based on the target market. For optional downloads, in the first scenario, the option to download the language pack (and any associated supplementary fonts) will not be available; in the second scenario, the installation will be blocked with the message «This app is not compatible with this device,» where the «app» in question is a language pack from the Microsoft Store. Unlike Windows 10 Home Single Language, device manufacturers and mobile operators can support one, some, or even all of the display languages available (though many devices that do not run Single Language editions of Windows will likely support multiple display languages). OEM editions are otherwise identical to their retail counterparts without any other feature restrictions.

Microsoft OEM licensing formula takes display size, RAM capacity and storage capacity into account. In mid-2015, devices with 4 GB RAM were expected to be $20 more expensive than devices with 2 GB RAM.[88]

At the time of launch, Microsoft deemed Windows 7 (with Service Pack 1) and Windows 8.1 users eligible to upgrade to Windows 10 free of charge, so long as the upgrade took place within one year of Windows 10’s initial release date. Windows RT and the respective Enterprise editions of Windows 7, 8, and 8.1 were excluded from this offer.[89]

Windows 10 free upgrade matrix

Windows version and edition Windows 10 edition
Windows 7 Starter SP1 Home
Windows 7 Home Basic SP1
Windows 7 Home Premium SP1
Windows 8.1 with Bing
Windows 8.1
Windows 7 Professional SP1 Pro
Windows 7 Ultimate SP1
Windows 8.1 Pro
Windows Phone 8.1 Mobile

The following table summarizes possible transition paths (upgrade, downgrade, or migration) that can be taken, provided that proper licenses are purchased.

Windows RT does not appear in this table because it cannot be upgraded to Windows 10.

On September 28, 2023, Microsoft disabled the free upgrade path to Windows 10 from Windows 7 or 8.x, although upgrades from Windows 10 to 11 are still supported.[90][91]


Microsoft releases minor versions of Windows 10 through the free feature updates.[12] Originally, Microsoft released feature updates semiannually. They contained new features as well as changes.[93] With the release of Windows 11, however, Microsoft has changed the release schedule to annual. These feature updates do not contain any noticeable changes.

The pace at which a system receives feature updates depends on the «release channel» (originally, «release branch») from which the system downloads its updates.[12]

Windows Insider is a beta testing program that allows access to pre-release builds of Windows 10, enabling power users, developers, and vendors to test and provide feedback on future feature updates to Windows 10 as they are developed. Before the release of Windows 11, Windows Insider itself consisted of four «rings»:

  • The Dev channel (previously «Fast» ring) distributed new builds as they were released.
  • The Beta channel (previously «Slow» ring) distributed new builds with a delay following their availability on the Fast ring.
  • The «Release Preview» channel distributed release candidate builds.
  • The now-closed «Skip Ahead» ring distributed builds of the next feature update while a current release was being finished.

After the release of Windows 11, only the «Release Preview» and «Beta» rings remains active.

General Availability Channel

[edit]

Since 2022, the General Availability Channel (GAC) distributes feature updates annually. To receive these updates, users must either request them manually or wait for their version of Windows 10 to go out of support.

Originally, however, Microsoft distributed feature updates through two distinct channels:[94]

  • The «Current Branch» (CB) distributed all feature updates as they graduated from the Windows Insider program. Microsoft only supported the latest build. Windows would automatically install the latest feature update from CB. Users could defer the CB feature update for up to 365 days.[95][96][97][98] Microsoft renamed CB to «Semi-Annual Channel (Targeted)» in version 1709.
  • The «Current Branch for Business» (CBB), which was not available in the Home edition, distributed feature updates with a four-month delay. This allowed customers and vendors to evaluate and perform additional testing on new builds before broader deployments. Devices could be switched back to the Current Branch at any time.[12][99] Microsoft renamed CBB to «Semi-Annual Channel» in version 1709.

Since version 1903, Microsoft dismantled the two-channel scheme in favor of a unified «Semi-Annual Channel» (SAC). Microsoft supports each SAC version of Windows for 30 months. Windows no longer installs new feature updates automatically before the expiry of the 30-months support period. With the release of Windows 11, Microsoft changed the release schedule to annual, and change the channel’s name to «General Availability Channel» (GAC).

Long-Term Servicing Channel

[edit]

LTSC exclusively distributes the «Enterprise LTSC», «IoT Core», and «IoT Enterprise LTSC» editions of Windows 10. Microsoft releases a new minor version of these editions every 2–3 years. LTSC builds adhere to Microsoft’s traditional support policy which was in effect before Windows 10, including:

  • Five years of mainstream support
  • Critical and security updates for ten years after their release (excludes non-IoT editions version 2021 and newer)[100]
  • No feature updates from Windows Update

Microsoft discourages the use of LTSC editions outside of «special-purpose devices» that perform a fixed function and thus do not require new user experience features. As a result, these editions do not come with Microsoft Store, most Cortana features, and most bundled apps.[12][1][3] LTSC was originally called the «Long-Term Servicing Branch» (LTSB) until 2016.[13] Later, LTSC editions are included in Windows 11.

  • Windows Server 2016, based on Windows 10 version 1607[101]
  • Windows Server 2019, based on Windows 10 version 1809
  • Windows Server 2022, based on a modified version of Windows 10 version 21H2
  • Xbox system software, an operating system now based on the Windows 10 core, designed to run on the Xbox consoles
  • Windows 10 version history
  1. ^ a b c 32-bit architectures like IA-32 and ARM32 have a memory addressing limitation of four gigabytes. In practice, less than 4 GB of memory is addressable as the 4 GB space also includes the memory mapped peripherals.
  2. ^ Windows 10 utilises processor groups on x86-64 to manage processor affinity and scheduling. The Windows 10 kernel has a hard-coded limit of 20 processor groups, and each processor group can contain up to 64 logical processors. A logical processor is either a physical or SMT core. Processor groups are allocated based on the NUMA topology of the system. One processor group cannot span multiple sockets or NUMA nodes. Processor groups are not available on IA-32; 32-bit builds instead use an older affinity mask implementation with a limit of 32 logical processors. The limit of 20 processor groups does not change between Windows 10 editions. There is no specific limit on the number of physical cores that can be used on Windows 10, unlike Windows Server where physical cores must be additionally licensed.[69][71][72][73]
  3. ^ There are three (previously four) telemetry levels, in the order of magnitude: Diagnostic data off (Security), Required (Basic), and Optional (Full). The higher the level, the more information that is sent to Microsoft. Previous Windows 10 versions had a level between Required and Optional, and the older names for the levels are shown in the parenthesis.
  4. ^ Cortana is available only in certain markets. Experience may vary by region and device.
  5. ^ The only device-encryption feature that is available in Windows 10 Home requires Trusted Platform Module version 2.0.[67]
  6. ^ BitLocker is available and can be used in the absence of Trusted Platform Module.[67]
  7. ^ a b This feature was missing from Windows 10 version 1803, but not the prior or next versions.
  8. ^ Windows Hello requires specialized hardware, such as a fingerprint reader, illuminated IR sensor or other biometric sensor.
  9. ^ SMB Direct (SMB over Remote Direct Memory Access [RDMA]) is available in cleanly installed Windows 10 Pro 22H2 or later and absent if the operating system has been upgraded from versions prior to 22H2. SMB Direct server capability is absent from all editions of Windows 10, regardless of version.
  10. ^ On Windows 10 Pro, a Control Panel applet corresponding to this feature appears, but a Windows 10 Enterprise or Education image is still needed.[86][87]
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  2. ^ a b c d e f Bott, Ed (May 14, 2015). «Windows 10 editions: Everything you need to know». ZDNet. CBS Interactive.
  3. ^ a b c d e f Foley, Mary Jo (July 2, 2015). «Which Windows 10 editions get which features?». ZDNet. CBS Interactive.
  4. ^ Diaconu, Klaus (August 10, 2017). «Microsoft announces Windows 10 Pro for Workstations». Windows For Your Business. Microsoft. Archived from the original on August 11, 2017. Retrieved August 12, 2017.
  5. ^ Foley, Mary Jo (August 10, 2017). «Microsoft confirms new Windows 10 Pro for Workstations edition». ZDNet. CBS Interactive.
  6. ^ Warren, Tom (August 10, 2017). «Microsoft reveals new Windows 10 Workstations edition for power users». The Verge. Vox Media.
  7. ^ Foley, Mary Jo (July 27, 2016). «Microsoft to add new Windows 10 Pro Education edition to its line-up». ZDNet. CBS Interactive.
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Источник

Windows 10 Core Edition is a stripped-down version of Windows 10 designed for low-end devices with limited hardware capabilities, such as Internet of Things (IoT) devices, point-of-sale terminals, and other embedded systems. This version of Windows 10 lacks some features of the standard Windows 10 editions, such as Cortana, Windows Hello facial recognition, Windows Ink, and other niche features that are not essential for these types of devices. Windows 10 Core Edition is a lightweight and flexible operating system that is optimized for low-power devices, with low memory and storage requirements, making it a popular choice among manufacturers for their cost-sensitive projects.

Video Tutorial:What does Windows Core Edition mean?

What is the difference between Windows 10 Home and Windows 10 core?

There is no such thing as Windows 10 Core. It is possible that you may be referring to Windows 10 IoT Core, which is an operating system designed for low-powered devices used in IoT (Internet of Things) environments. Windows 10 Home, on the other hand, is a more general-purpose desktop operating system that is designed for home users. The major difference between the two is that Windows 10 Home is more feature-rich, with a complete set of applications and utilities that are optimized for desktop use, while Windows 10 IoT Core is focused on providing a lightweight and streamlined OS for IoT devices that need to run on limited resources. Essentially, Windows 10 Home is designed for PCs, while Windows 10 IoT Core is designed for embedded devices.

What are the 3 versions of Windows 10?

As of my knowledge, there are three versions of Windows 10: Home, Pro, and Enterprise. Windows 10 Home is designed for individuals and households, while Windows 10 Pro includes additional features for small businesses. Windows 10 Enterprise is targeted towards medium to large businesses and offers advanced security and management features. Depending on the user’s needs and requirements, one of these three versions can be chosen.

Windows Core is not a standalone product or operating system. It is a minimal footprint version of Windows that is used to create custom operating system images for specific devices or scenarios. Windows Core is available as part of the Windows Assessment and Deployment Kit (ADK) which can be downloaded for free from the Microsoft website. Although Windows Core itself is not available for direct download or for purchase, its usage and deployment through the ADK is subject to the applicable licensing terms for Windows. Therefore, licensing requirements and associated costs may vary depending on the intended use of the custom images created with Windows Core.

Why use Windows core?

There are several reasons to use Windows core as the operating system for a device. Firstly, Windows core is a proven and reliable operating system that has been refined over many years. It has a strong foundation and is suitable for use in a wide range of devices. Secondly, Windows core is highly customizable, allowing developers to tailor the operating system to their specific requirements. This means that companies can create devices with unique features that differentiate them from competitors. Additionally, Windows core has a large user base and a wealth of supporting documentation, making it easier for developers to create applications and devices that are compatible with existing software. Finally, Windows core is backed by Microsoft, a company with extensive resources and expertise in the technology industry. This means that companies using Windows core can benefit from ongoing support and updates, ensuring that their devices remain secure and up-to-date with the latest features.

How many cores does Windows 10 need?

The number of CPU cores required for Windows 10 depends on the specific edition of the operating system and the intended use case. For example, the minimum hardware requirements for Windows 10 Home and Pro editions are a 1 GHz or faster processor with at least 2 cores, while the Enterprise and Education editions require a minimum of 2 GHz processor with 2 cores or higher. However, for more demanding tasks such as gaming or content creation, a processor with 4 or more cores is recommended for optimal performance. In general, the number of cores required for Windows 10 will depend on the user’s specific needs and usage patterns.

Which Windows 10 edition is best?

When choosing the best edition of Windows 10, it mainly depends on the user’s needs and budget. For the regular home user, the Windows 10 Home edition is the most appropriate choice. This edition offers basic features like the Start Menu, Cortana, Microsoft Edge Browser, and Windows Hello Login. The Windows 10 Pro edition, on the other hand, provides a range of more advanced features such as Remote Desktop, BitLocker, and Hyper-V, which are beneficial for small business owners and IT professionals. Besides the Home and Pro editions, there are other versions such as Windows 10 Enterprise and Education, which are designed for larger businesses and academic institutions. Ultimately, when choosing which version to go for, it’s important to assess your needs and determine which edition best suits your requirements.

Источник

Microsoft may have claimed Windows 10 as final version of Windows, but nobody ever said it’d be simple. A little after two years in the wild, Windows 10 has no fewer than ten different editions available. Each one is the same at its core, but offers slightly different features for users with varying needs.

Along with its ever-changing features, this can make keeping track of what’s current with Windows 10 tough. Let’s look at each Windows 10 edition in turn, and see why Microsoft has created such a fragmented environment.

Windows 10 Home

We start with the baseline version of Windows 10. If you were to go into a store and buy a new laptop off the shelf, it would almost certainly have Windows 10 Home on it. True to its name, it includes the full Windows 10 experience with features that the average home user will enjoy.

You’ll find all the staples of Windows 10 inside, including Cortana, Store apps, Xbox connectivity, and support for tablet and touch features. But the Home edition leaves out some of the business-oriented features of Windows 10 Pro, which is the only other edition you can buy standalone.

Windows 10 Pro

Windows 10 Pro builds on what Home offers but includes more features intended for power users and business use. The most prominent differences are the ability to join a Pro machine to a domain, support for BitLocker encryption, and Group Policy support for easily changing settings on a company-wide scale.

Most Windows 10 machines in business use run Pro so IT professionals can use these tools to their advantage. But Windows enthusiasts can also benefit from what Pro has to offer. For example, many of the tweaks we discuss in articles are easier to change using the Group Policy Editor than in the Registry.

Pro is obviously more expensive when purchased outright, though you can upgrade your copy of Windows 10 Home to Pro for $99.

However, we don’t think it’s worth it for most home users.

You can substitute free alternatives for some of the Pro-only features. For example, TeamViewer can replace Remote Desktop and you can swap VeraCrypt for BitLocker. And no normal user of Windows at home needs to join their computer to a domain.

Windows 10 S

One of the newest editions to the lineup, Windows 10 S is a slimmed-down version of the operating system. Its most distinctive feature is that you can only install apps from the Windows Store, so it won’t work with any traditional desktop software. Microsoft Edge is the default browser and you can’t change the default search engine from Bing.

Windows 10 S is only available pre-installed on devices, and most of them are low-end and cheaper machines. Microsoft is aiming Windows 10 S at the education market, as it’s a sort of competitor to Chromebooks.

While you can upgrade Windows 10 S to Windows 10 Pro for $50, most home users should stay away from it. The combination of cheap hardware and limited available apps, limits what you can do with your device.

Check out our full overview of Windows 10 S for more information.

Windows 10 Enterprise

Windows 10 Enterprise is, unsurprisingly, intended for large-scale business use and only sold through Microsoft’s volume licensing. Unlike Windows 7, there’s no Ultimate edition of Windows 10 that offers the full set of Enterprise features for home users.

But that’s okay, because the extra features of Enterprise only shine in corporate deployments. The biggest feature is DirectAccess, which allows remote workers to access their company’s internal network through a connection that’s like a VPN but offers more security. AppLocker, another standout feature, lets administrators block access to specific apps. This edition also allows companies to switch to a long-term branch of Windows to avoid the regular changes of Windows 10 that might disrupt their operations.

Enterprise also features some behind-the-scenes tweaks that make it easier for IT pros to install or migrate Windows en masse in a standardized fashion. While Pro is great for small businesses, a company with thousands of employees can save money and control their setup with the Enterprise edition.

For more information, see our comparison of Windows 10 Pro versus Enterprise.

Windows 10 Education

The Education edition of Windows 10 includes all the corporate-ready features of Enterprise. As Microsoft explains, it «is effectively a variant of Windows 10 Enterprise that provides education-specific default settings.» In past versions, this included disabling Cortana by default but she’s present in current builds.

Windows 10 Education also disables tips and tricks and the «suggestions» that are just ads by a different name.

Aside from these default settings, the only big change for the Education edition is that it costs significantly less than the Enterprise version. This helps schools keep costs down while still getting a powerful edition of Windows that lets them block games and inappropriate content on PCs that students use.

Interestingly, while a computer must have Windows 10 Pro installed to upgrade to Windows 10 Enterprise, that’s not the case for the Education edition. A PC with Windows 10 Home can jump to Windows 10 Education, further reducing costs for schools.

Windows 10 Pro Education

Confused by all these similar names yet? Windows 10 Pro Education combines two existing edition names to muddy the waters further.

Like Windows 10 Education, this one is basically a different flavor of Windows 10 Pro with a few default settings specific to educational environments.

The biggest difference between Pro Education and Education is that the former is available pre-installed on new devices purchased through the K-12 program at a discount. This means that schools don’t have to go through Microsoft’s volume licensing to buy education-ready PCs. Smaller schools who lack a full IT staff or don’t need the enterprise features of Windows 10 Education can still exercise control using the features present in Windows 10 Pro Education.

Both Windows 10 Education editions include a «Set Up School PCs» app that guides administrators through creating a standard image of Windows.

They can select options like removing bloatware apps, automatically joining PCs to the school domain, and adjusting Windows Update to avoid restarting during school hours. After running through this process once, IT staff can place the package on a flash drive and apply it to other machines quickly.Windows 10 Mobile

Windows 10 Mobile

Did you know that Windows Phone still exists?

It’s called Windows 10 Mobile now, but it’s the next iteration of running a version of Windows for your smartphone. This is part of Microsoft’s plan to have one unified operating system on every device. It lets you access the same new Store apps available on desktop Windows 10, along with the Continuum feature that lets you use your phone like a PC on the big screen.

While it’s an improvement over Windows Phone 8.1, Windows Mobile is still largely irrelevant in the mobile sphere as Android and iOS reign supreme. Thanks to a botched rollout and continued lack of solid apps, Windows 10 Mobile has suffered from limited use.

Windows 10 Mobile Enterprise

The Enterprise version of Windows 10 Mobile is almost the same as the consumer version. As you’d expect, it offers business-focused features like deferring and managing updates, controlling telemetry, and more powerful rollouts.

If you’re «lucky» enough to use a Windows 10 Mobile phone for your job, this is likely the version running on your device.

Windows 10 IoT (Internet of Things)

For past Windows versions, Microsoft provided a slimmed-down edition called Windows Embedded. Windows XP Embedded, for instance, was (and unfortunately still is) wildly popular for powering light devices like ATMs, cash registers, and time clocks.

Embedded editions of Windows contain only the essential components, reducing their footprint on the machine while still allowing the device to take advantage of Windows’ power. Now, the successor to Windows Embedded is known as Windows IoT.

As you surely know, the IoT has brought internet connections to everyday objects and this Windows edition serves to let hobbyists and enterprise users alike take advantage of it. Windows 10 IoT can run on popular small devices that don’t have beefy resource pools.

Microsoft offers two flavors: Windows 10 IoT Core and Windows 10 IoT Enterprise. Core is free for anyone to download and you can install it on devices like a Raspberry Pi. The Enterprise flavor is equivalent to Windows 10 Enterprise and thus more powerful. Businesses can install it on industrial robots, cash registers, and other IoT devices.

Windows 10 Team

The Microsoft Surface family includes an interactive whiteboard known as the Surface Hub. Like other smart boards, it’s designed for business use so employees can collaborate and video conference between locations. This device runs a special version of Windows 10 called Windows 10 Team.

Windows 10 Team is based on Enterprise, but offers a few differences since it’s tailor-made for a giant board. The user interface is optimized for a mega touchscreen. Anyone can walk up and sign into a low-level user account without logging in. When a session ends, the system deletes local files if you don’t save them to OneDrive. And like Windows 10 S, you can’t install traditional desktop apps.

Team is a specialized version of Windows 10 as it only applies to one device. You’ll probably never encounter it.

Windows 10 Pro for Workstations

Because the 11 above editions weren’t enough, Microsoft recently decided to announce yet another version of Windows 10. This one is called Pro for Workstations, and it’s designed for high-end PCs that run demanding workloads.

New features include a «resilient file system,» persistent memory, faster file sharing, and expanded hardware support.

Essentially, this results in a lot of back-end improvements that make the everyday work of computing information all day run more smoothly. Microsoft explains that these changes will result in less data corruption, transfer data over a network faster, and utilize RAM up to 6TB.

Windows 10 Pro for Workstations will launch alongside the Fall Creators Update in fall 2017. Unless you have a powerhouse PC that runs calculations all day, every day, this edition will likely only see use in business.

A Quick Summary

That was a lot to keep track of. In case you got lost, here’s a brief summary of every Windows 10 version:

  • Windows 10 Home is the standard offering and includes everything that home users need.
  • Windows 10 Pro builds on Home and includes additional features for power users and small business use.
  • Windows 10 S is a stripped-down Chromebook competitor that only lets you install Windows Store apps.
  • Windows 10 Enterprise is only available through volume purchasing and features advanced features for large-scale corporate deployment.
  • Windows 10 Education is an offshoot of Enterprise with education-specific default settings and lower pricing for schools.
  • Windows 10 Pro Education is available pre-installed on PCs that schools can purchase at a discount and offers an education-specific flavor of Pro.
  • Windows 10 Mobile is Microsoft’s mobile operating system that’s not too popular.
  • Windows 10 Mobile Enterprise allows businesses to manage their employees’ Windows 10 Mobile devices.
  • Windows 10 IoT replaces Windows Embedded, a lightweight version of Windows that hobbyists or businesses can install on small computing devices as well as robots and point-of-sale applications.
  • Windows 10 Team is a specialized version of Windows 10 that only runs on the Surface Hub smart whiteboard.
  • Windows 10 Pro for Workstations supports powerful PCs that regularly run intense calculations.

Too Many Versions?

There you have it: every major version of Windows 10 that’s on the market. But even this doesn’t account for the various Windows builds floating around in the wild.

For instance, PCs with Intel Clover Trail processors can’t upgrade to the Creators Update, so Microsoft is supporting those specific devices with the Anniversary Update until 2023. Since the Anniversary Update will end general support in 2018, this adds yet another level of fragmentation to Windows 10.

Who knows how many new editions of Windows 10 we’ll see in the future? Perhaps Microsoft will retire some as they drop out of use. Thankfully, as a home user, you only have a few versions to keep track of. Let businesses handle the rest.

Which Windows 10 version are you running now? Were any of the other versions a surprise to you? Tell us which one is the most interesting and leave your thoughts down in the comments!

Источник

В этой статье мы покажем, как повысить младшую редакцию (издание) Windows 10 или 11 до более старшей версии без переустановки операционной системы с сохранением всех установленных программ, настроек и документов. Это позволит пользователю обновить редакцию Windows с Home до Pro или Enterprise.

Обновить домашнюю редакцию Windows 10/11 Home до Professional

Откройте командную строку и проверьте текущую версию и редакцию Windows:

DISM /online /Get-CurrentEdition

Dism.exe /Get-CurrentEdition windows 10 домашняя home

Картинка с сайта: winitpro.ru

В этом примере на компьютере установлена домашняя Home редакция Windows 10 ( в Windows 11 домашняя редакция называется Core).

Выведите список редакций, до которых можно обновить вашу версию Windows:

DISM /online /Get-TargetEditions

В списке есть редакция Professional, до которой мы хотим обновить ОС.

Чтобы выполнить обновление Home редакции до Pro, воспользуйтесь встроенной утилиты Changepk.exe. Запустите эту команду и выберите Change product key и укажите приобретённый вами ключ для Windows 10/11 Professional. Подтвердите апгрейд редакции.

changepk.exe изменить ключ продукта windows

Картинка с сайта: winitpro.ru

Если у вас пока отсутствует приобретенный ключ для Windows Pro, укажите ключ
VK7JG-NPHTM-C97JM-9MPGT-3V66T
, который используется при установке Windows 10 и 11 Pro с пропуском ввода ключа (в ознакомительном режиме, без активации).

Вы можете очистить предыдущий ключ и задать новый из командной строки:
slui.exe /upk

changepk.exe /ProductKey xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

После этого перезагрузите компьютер, чтобы начать обновление редакции.

Апгрейд редакции Windows до Professional без переустановке

Картинка с сайта: winitpro.ru

После перезагрузки проверьте, что редакция Windows была обновления до Professional.

Если вы использовали временный ключ, указанный выше, ваша Windows не будет активирована до тех пор, пока вы не введете приобретенный ключ активации. Проверить статус активации Windows можно с помощью команды:

slmgr /xpr

Значение 5 (Notification mode), указывает что срок ознакомительного использования Windows окончен.

Проверить что Windows активирована

Картинка с сайта: winitpro.ru

Вы можете только апгрейдить редакции Windows 10/11 (например, Home -> Pro или Home -> Education). Сценарий даунгрейда доступен для Education -> Pro и Enterprise -> Pro). LTSC редакцию Windows 10 можно обновить до Enterprise или более новой LTSC.

Изменить редакцию Windows 10 или 11 с Pro до Enterprise

Если вы хотите обновиться с Professional редакции Windows 10/11 до Enterprise:

  1. Проверьте текущую редакцию:
    DISM /online /Get-CurrentEdition
  2. До каких целевых редакций возможно обновление:
    DISM /online /Get-TargetEditions

    Обновление редакции Windows 10 или 11 с версии Pro до Enterprise

    Картинка с сайта: winitpro.ru

  3. Укажите ваш ключ для Enterprise редакции в следующей команде:
    Changepk.exe /ProductKey NPPR9-FWDCX-D2C8J-H872K-2YT43
  4. Через одну-две минуты редакция вашей Windows 10 изменится на Enterprise (подтверждение и перезагрузка не требуется). Осталось только активировать вашу Windows онлайн (если у вас есть свой ключ) или на KMS сервере (если вы использовали GVLK ключ).

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