Технология Wake on LAN (WoL) используется для удалённого пробуждения (включения) компьютера, который находится в спящем режиме (режиме пониженного энергопотребления). Сетевая карта компьютера инициирует процесс пробуждения компьютера после получение специального широковещательного пакета (magic packet) со своим MAC адресом. В этой статье мы рассмотрим, как настроить Wake on LAN на компьютере под управлением Windows.
В первую очередь нужно включить функцию Wake-on-LAN в настройках BIOS/UEFI компьютера. В зависимости от модели компьютера и версии прошивки название этой опции может отличаться. Она может называться:
- WOL (Wake-on-LAN)
- Power On By PCI-E
- Resume by PCI-E Device
- Resume by PME
- S4/S5 Wake on LAN
- ErP
На брендовых моделях компьютеров вы можете вывести и изменить настройки BIOS/UEFI с помощью PowerShell. Например, на ноутбуке Lenovo можно включить опцию WOL в BIOS командами:
$getLenovoBIOS = gwmi -class Lenovo_SetBiosSetting -namespace root\wmi
$getLenovoBIOS.SetBiosSetting("WakeOnLAN,Enable")
$SaveLenovoBIOS = (gwmi -class Lenovo_SaveBiosSettings -namespace root\wmi)
$SaveLenovoBIOS.SaveBiosSettings()
Затем нужно разрешить Wake on LAN (WOL) в настройках сетевого адаптера в Windows.
- Откройте диспетчер устройств (
devmgmt.msc
); - Разверните секцию Network Adapters и откройте свойства вашего физического сетевого адаптера;
- Перейдите на вкладку Advanced и проверьте, что опция Wake on magic packet включена (название может отличаться в зависимости от сетевой карты). В сетевых картах Intel эта опция может называться PME (Power Management Event);
. Можно с помощью PowerShell проверить, включены ли опции WakeOnLan в настройках сетевого адаптера:
Get-NetAdapter -Physical | Get-NetAdapterAdvancedProperty | where {($_.DisplayName -like '*WOL*') -or ($_.DisplayName -like '*Wake*')}
Чтобы включить WOL с помощью PowerShell в настройках сетевого адаптера, можно использовать такую команду (зависит от драйвера и венднодоа NIC):
Get-NetAdapter -Physical | Set-NetAdapterPowerManagement -WakeOnMagicPacket Enabled -WakeOnPattern Enabled - Затем перейдите на вкладку Advanced и разрешите сетевой карте выводить компьютер из спящего режима. Включите опции Allow this device to wake the computer и Only allow a magic packet to wake the computer.
Можно включить эту опцию с помощью команды:
powercfg /deviceenablewake "Realtek PCIe GbE Family Controller"
Беспроводные Wi-Fi адаптеры также поддерживают удаленное включение. Этот стандарт называется Wake on Wireless LAN (WoWLAN).
С помощью следующей команды можно проверить, каким устройствам разрешено будить компьютер:
powercfg /devicequery wake_armed
В данном случае видно, что сетевой карте Realtek PCIe разрешено выводить компьютер из спящего режима.
Для работы Wake-on-LAN не нужно открывать дополнительный порты в Windows Defender Firewall. Широковещательный UDP пакет WOL (Magic Packet) принимается и обрабатывается непосредственно сетевой картой и не доходит до сетевого стека Windows.
Теперь, вы можете отправить WoL пакет для удаленного включения компьютера с другого устройства в той же локальной сети. Magic Packet содержит аппаратный адрес сетевой карты (MAC адрес), компьютера который нужно включить. Вы можете узнать MAC адрес сетевой карты компьютера из команды
ipconfig /all
или получить его с помощью PowerShell:
Get-NetAdapter -Physical
Вы можете сформировать и отправить широковещательный magic пакет WOL с помощью PowerShell. Укажите MAC адрес устройства, которое нужно включить в следующем скрипте и выполните его:
$Mac = "08:9e:01:6b:52:a2"
$MacByteArray = $Mac -split "[:-]" | ForEach-Object { [Byte] "0x$_"}
[Byte[]] $MagicPacket = (,0xFF * 6) + ($MacByteArray * 16)
$UdpClient = New-Object System.Net.Sockets.UdpClient
$UdpClient.Connect(([System.Net.IPAddress]::Broadcast),7)
$UdpClient.Send($MagicPacket,$MagicPacket.Length)
$UdpClient.Close()
Если вы все настроили правильно, удаленный компьютер должен проснуться.
Для работы WOL в сегментированных сетях или разделенных на VLAN, нужно включать пересылку широковещательных WoL пакетов (
UDP порт 9
) на уровне коммутаторов/маршрутизаторов.
Для удаленного пробуждения компьютеров можно использовать бесплатную Windows утилиту от NirSoft WakeMeOnLan. Утилита позволяет автоматически просканировать LAN и найти все доступные устройства, или вы можете вручную добавить устройства, которые вы хотите включать удаленно через WakeOnLan.
Утилита поддерживает режим работы из командной строки. Чтобы включить компьютер, нужно выполнить команду (утилита отрезолвит IP адрес в MAC по arp таблице):
WakeMeOnLan.exe /wakeup 192.168.31.15
Или по MAC адресу:
WakeMeOnLan.exe /wakeup 08-9E-01-6B-52-A2
Также можно использовать утилиты для смартфонов. Например, Wake On LAN для Android (для удаленного включения компьютера вы должны быть подключены к той же LAN через Wi-Fi точку доступа).
Если компьютер не включается после отправки пакета Wake-on-LAN, возможно нужно LAN нужно отключить быстрый запуск Windows в настройках электропитания (на моих двух тестируемых устройствах с Windows 10 и 11 это не понадобилось). Fast Startup включен по-умолчанию в Windows 10 и 11 и может препятствовать пробуждению компьютера через WOL (или вызывать ситуацию, когда компьютер не выключается после завершения работы Windows).
Откройте панель
powercfg.cpl
-> Choose what the power buttons do -> Change settings that are currently unavailable -> отключите опцию Turn on fast startup (recommended).
There is a command line version of WOL called WakeOnLanC.exe. It’s main purpose is to support the task scheduler, but it can be used for any reason to wake up and shutdown hosts just like the GUI. These are the command line options:
| Command | Description |
|---|---|
| -s | shutdown, requires -m or -all |
| -s1 | sleep, requires -m or -all |
| -s4 | hibernate, requires -m or -all |
| -r | reboot |
| -w | wakeup, requires -m, -g, -mac, or -all |
| use -mac and -agent to explicitly send WOL packet to specific IP |
|
| -l | listen for WOL packets |
| -e | enumerate host list |
| -p “xx” | specify path to machines.xml database * this works on the GUI also |
| -msg | immediate message (example -msg -c “Shutting down in 10 minutes” |
| -pw “xx” | change shutdown password for a machine, requires -m, -g or -all |
| -h | display help |
| Options | |
| -t xx | time delay (xx = seconds). For shutdown and reboot commands. |
| -f | Force files closed. |
| -m xx | xx = machine name |
| -mac xxxx | MAC address |
| -g xx | xx = a group to startup or shutdown. |
| -all | All machines |
| -agent xx | xx = address of WOL agent if on remote subnet, use with -mac |
| -c “xx” | xx = popup message for shutdown or reboot command. |
Command line examples
Shutdown machine named “LaMachine”, the comment will be “Power Failure”:
C:\>WakeOnLanC -s -m LaMachine -c "Power Failure"Wakeup machine named “LaMachine”:
C:\>WakeOnLanC -w -m LaMachineWakeup machine by MAC address:
C:\>WakeOnLanC -w -mac 00:43:18:9E:8E:A0Reboot “LaMachine”, force files closed, delay for 20 seconds:
C:\>WakeOnLanC -r -m LaMachine -t 20 -fListen for and display WOL packets on the local subnet, for troubleshooting.
C:\>WakeOnLanC -lHibernate all machines.
C:\>WakeOnLanC -s4 -allWake-on-LAN (WoL) is a network standard that allows a computer to be turned on or awakened remotely using a special «magic packet,» which can be sent via the Command Prompt (CMD) using a script.
Here’s an example of how to use the `wolcmd` command in CMD:
wolcmd MAC_ADDRESS IP_ADDRESS SUBNET_MASK GATEWAY
Replace `MAC_ADDRESS`, `IP_ADDRESS`, `SUBNET_MASK`, and `GATEWAY` with the appropriate values for your network setup.
Understanding Wake on LAN
What is Wake on LAN?
Wake on LAN (WoL) is a networking standard that allows you to remotely turn on computers and other devices by sending a special network message, known as a «magic packet.» This functionality is particularly valuable for IT professionals, as it enables remote maintenance and file transfers without needing to physically access devices.
How Wake on LAN Works: At a technical level, WoL operates through Ethernet packets. When a machine is turned off, its network interface can still listen for these packets, which contain the MAC address of the device. Upon receiving the correct packet, the device will boot up, allowing for a range of automated tasks to commence.
Prerequisites for Using Wake on LAN
Hardware Requirements
Before utilizing Wake on LAN via CMD, ensure your hardware is compatible. Key requirements include:
-
Network Adapter Settings: The network adapter must support Wake on LAN. It’s essential to check the documentation of your network hardware to confirm compatibility.
-
Motherboard BIOS Settings: Access BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) to enable WoL functions. This feature is generally found under Power Management settings.
Software Requirements
Wake on LAN can be used with various operating systems, such as Windows, Linux, and macOS. Make sure that network configurations, including firewall and router settings, are correctly configured to allow WoL packets.
Mastering Python in Cmd: A Quick Guide to Efficiency
Setting Up Wake on LAN
Enabling Wake on LAN in BIOS
To enable Wake on LAN in BIOS, follow these steps:
-
Restart your Computer and enter the BIOS setup (usually by pressing F2, DEL, or ESC).
-
Look for the Power Management tab.
-
Enable Wake on LAN or similar options indicating network wake capabilities.
-
Save changes and exit the BIOS.
This process may vary slightly based on your motherboard, so consult your specific motherboard manual if necessary.
Configuring Network Adapter Settings
The next step is to ensure that the network adapter is set correctly within your operating system. Follow these steps in Windows:
-
Navigate to Device Manager by searching for it in the Start menu.
-
Locate your Network Adapters section and find your active network card.
-
Right-click and select Properties.
-
Under the Power Management tab, check the boxes for «Allow this device to wake the computer» and «Only allow a magic packet to wake the computer.»
-
Move to the Advanced tab and ensure options such as «Wake on Magic Packet» are enabled.
Example Command: To confirm which devices can wake your system, you can use:
powercfg -devicequery wake_armed
This command will list all devices capable of waking your computer.
Firewall and Router Configuration
Ensure your router allows WoL packets to pass through:
-
Access your router’s settings (often through a web browser at a specific IP address, such as 192.168.1.1).
-
Check settings for Port Forwarding. Open UDP port 9, which is commonly used for WoL.
-
Adjust firewall settings to allow traffic on the same port.
Master Python Run Cmd Like a Pro
Using CMD for Wake on LAN
Introduction to CMD Commands for WoL
Using Command Prompt (CMD) for Wake on LAN is efficient and offers precision. The command line allows users to run scripts for multiple devices quickly, making it an excellent tool for network administrators.
Basic CMD Command for Wake on LAN
The essential command used in CMD to issue Wake on LAN is the `wakeonlan` command.
Usage Example:
Suppose you want to wake up a device with the MAC address `XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX`, execute the following command:
wakeonlan XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX
This sends the magic packet to the specified MAC address, triggering the network hardware to wake the device.
Advanced CMD Commands and Parameters
In many cases, you might want to send magic packets to multiple devices simultaneously or automate the process with scripting.
Here’s an example using a batch script to wake several devices:
@echo off
for %%i in (XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX YY:YY:YY:YY:YY:YY) do wakeonlan %%i
This script will systematically wake devices based on their provided MAC addresses, optimizing management tasks and reducing time spent on manual inputs.
Troubleshooting Wake on LAN Commands
If WoL commands aren’t working, here are some steps to troubleshoot:
- Ensure the device’s network adapter and BIOS settings are correctly configured.
- Verify that the firewall and router settings allow WoL packets.
- Check if the device is in a low-power state that supports Wake on LAN.
To test network connectivity with the device, you may use the ping command:
ping -n 4 [IP address]
Replace `[IP address]` with the actual address of the device. This command helps ensure that the device is reachable in the network.
Trace in Cmd: A Simple Guide to Network Diagnostics
Additional Tools for Wake on LAN
GUI vs. CMD for WoL
While WoL command-line tools are powerful, several GUI applications exist that can simplify the process for beginners or those unfamiliar with CMD. These tools often come with user-friendly interfaces that can help automate WoL tasks without requiring command-line knowledge.
However, using CMD can be beneficial. It allows for more advanced scripting techniques and automation, making it more suitable for network professionals or those managing multiple devices.
Integrating Wake on LAN with Batch Files
Creating a batch file to automate Wake on LAN commands can save time and enhance efficiency. Here’s a simple batch file example:
@echo off
echo Waking up devices...
wakeonlan XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX
pause
This batch file will execute the wake command and then pause, allowing you to see the output before the window closes. You can customize the script to include multiple MAC addresses as needed.
Finding The Location Of Cmd: A Simple Guide
Conclusion
In this article, we explored the intricacies of Wake on LAN CMD. Understanding how to enable WoL in BIOS and network adapter settings, alongside the various CMD commands, empowers users to efficiently manage their devices remotely. With these tools at your disposal, you can streamline your network management processes and save valuable time.
This article will explain how to use the Shutdown command to turn off a computer remotely as well as how to use the WakeOnLan standard to wake or boot a PC.
How to remotely shutdown a computer on a LAN?
In order to control a computer remotely, please note that you must be connected to the same local network as the target PC. You must also know the username and password required for login.
- The first step is to open TCP port 445 on the target computer. To do this, open your Start menu and then go to Settings > Control Panel > Security Center.
- Open Windows Firewall and click the Exceptions tab.
- Select the line that reads File Sharing and printers and press OK. If this line is missing, click Add Port and choose TCP port 445 .
- Next, head to Start > Settings > Control Panel > System. Select the Remote tab and check the option that reads Allow users to connect remotely to this computer. It is now time to open the command prompt.
- Head to Start/Run or use the keyboard shortcut Windows + R. Next, type cmd and then hit OK. This will open your command prompt.
- To obtain the necessary rights to run a shutdown command on the target machine, you must first run the net use command. Use the Windows + R keyboard shortcut and then enter net use \\ip_address_of_target_machine. Enter an administrator username and password for the target computer to connect to the target PC.
- Once connected to the target PC, we can run the shutdown command. An example of the command is given below, whereby instructions are given for the target computer to close all active applications and shutdown after 30 seconds of inactivity. Please note that you can substitute any of the variables according to your network or PC specifics:
shutdown -s -f -t 30 - m \\192.168.3.4
-s: Shutdown the PC
-f: Force active applications to close without warning
-t xx: Set a countdown in seconds
-m \\xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx: The IP address of the target computer
The GUI is available by typing shutdown -i.
For any additional information about this command, type shutdown /?.
How to use the WakeOnLAN command?
WakeOnLAN, as the name already suggests, is a tool that can boot or wake a computer by sending a Magic Packet to the network adapter of the target computer. It is important to note that not all network cards and BIOS are compatible with, or support, the use of Magic Packet.
In order to use the WakeOnLAN command, you must be connected to the same local area network (LAN) as the target computer. Knowledge of the physical location (MAC) and IP address of the target computer is also required.
How to retrieve IP and MAC address?
- The first step is to retrieve the IP address and MAC address of the target computer.
- To do this, go to Start/Run or use the keyboard shortcutWindows + R and type cmd > OK.
- The command prompt will open. Now type ipconfig /all:
- Copy the IP and physical (MAC) address of the target PC.
How to perform the compatibility checks?
It’s now time to check if your network card is compatible with Magic Packets.
- To do this, right-click on My Computer and click Manage.
- Next, go to Device Manager/Network Cards and do a right-click on your Network Card.
- Then click Properties.
Do a search for the following words and verify that all options that relate to them are currently active: Magic Packet, Wake On Magic Packet, Wake On Lan, or Wake. If none of these words appear, you may be required to update the drivers for your Network Card.
- To see if your computer is BIOS compatible, enter the BIOS when you start the computer. You can do this by pressing ESC, F2, F5, F12 or DEL (depending on your system).
- Once in the BIOS, go Power Options and enable Wake-On-LAN, or any similar option:
How to open port 8900?
You can open Port 8900 in the same way as you would Port 445.
How to use Wake On LAN (WOL)?
Start by downloading the Symantec WOL tool on the source computer. Launch the tool and then fill in the empty fields using the information gathered above.
- Mac Address: MAC address (the target machine)
- Internet Address: Local IP address (target machine)
- Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.255
- Send Options: Local Subnet
- Remote Port Number: 8900
- Click the button: Wake Me Up
Once the packet has been received, the target computer will boot.
How to boot your PC from the Internet?
In theory, it is possible to boot a remote PC from the internet. You will need configure your router to redirect a UDP packet to a specific port on all the network computers.
By sending the magic packets to your public IP address (on the correct port), you will be able to individually boot computers on your local network.
How to boot your PC using your phone?
If you want to wake up your computer while you are not at home using your phone, you will need an external PSTN modem (using the RS 232 serial port). Connect the modem to your computer and enable the option in your BIOS. From there, you can connect the modem to IP phone line from your router.
Do you need more help with Windows? Check out our forum!
Here are more Wake onLAN options…
Wake-on-LAN from the Command Line
Using the command Prompt or PowerShell to send Wake-on-LAN packets to another computer can be quite useful for business, and professional users, in batch scripts, and to make desktop shortcuts.
7. WakeUp
In terms of ease of use, a command line tool won’t come much simpler than this. WakeUp is very simple to use and only requires the MAC address of the remote computer as an argument. The MAC address has to be in the format of colon separators or no separators at all (e.g. aa:bb:11:55:a1 or aabb1155a1).
WakeUp MAC address
The tool or its website does not mention the actual port WakeUp uses, but we found that it was using port 40000.
Download WakeUp
8. Wake On Lan Command Line (WolCmd)
This tool is another entry in our list by Depicus and is a simple command line tool to send the Wake-on-LAN signal. The syntax is quite simple.
WolCmd [MAC address] [IP address] [Subnet mask] [Port]
An example would look like this:
wolcmd 26-63-A4-79-B8-12 192.168.0.40 255.255.255.0 9
The MAC address, IP address, and subnet are required but the port will default to 7 if you don’t supply one. A version is also available for Mac OS.
Download Wake On Lan Command Line (WolCmd)
9. Gammadyne WOL
WOL is another relatively easy tool to use and it only requires supplying the MAC address of the target computer although more arguments can be supplied if required.
WOL MAC address [IP address] [port] [/pwd password] [/d subnet]
The IP address, port, and subnet are optional but may be required in some situations. Port 12287 will be used by default if nothing is added to the command. A password option is also available but you will have needed to set things up to accept a password.
Download Gammadyne WOL
Use Wake-on-LAN to Start a Computer From your Smartphone
If you are unable to send the magic packet to your PC from another computer, an alternative option is sending it from another device like a smartphone or tablet. There are loads of apps around and the Android app we’ll look at is free, popular, and does the job quite nicely.
10. Wake On Lan for Android
This app is quite easy to use because if the computer to start up remotely is switched on and available on the local network, you can find it automatically. Just press the add button and select the device from the list. Its IP and MAC addresses will be added so you don’t have to do anything else. If you are connecting from outside the LAN, replace the local IP with the external IP or add a new connection manually.
All you have to do is press one of the devices in the bookmarks list to start the computer remotely. A handy function is the ability to add a widget to your home screen that can send the packet data to a selected device just by pressing the icon. By default the magic packet is sent three times, it can be changed up or down in the app settings.
Download Wake On Lan for Android
Test Wake-on-LAN is Working in Windows
If Wake-on-LAN isn’t working or you just want to test to see if the remote computer is receiving the necessary magic packet data, try using one of the tools below.
Wake-on-LAN Sniffer
Wake-on-LAN Sniffer is a very simple to use and portable tool that will give you various bits of information about magic packet data being sent to the target computer. All you have to do is launch the program on the computer that will receive the Wake-on-LAN signal and it will watch all ports for the incoming data.
When valid data is received, details will be displayed for time, source/destination IP, source/destination port, UDP length and checksum, MAC address, and the magic packet data. You may have to manually add an exception for Wake-on-LAN Sniffer through your firewall if nothing is displayed.
Download Wake-on-LAN Sniffer
Wake On Lan Monitor
Wake on Lan Monitor is another tool from Depicus software and it can be used to test if the magic packet is reaching the target computer. Launch the tool on the computer you want to send the WOL signal to, set the required port, and press Start.
Note that different programs default to different ports when sending the magic packet. For instance, FUSION WakeUp on Lan and WakeMeOnLan default to port 40000 while WakeOnLANx defaults to port 7. The command line tools also default to different ports from each other. If you are not required to set a port in the program, make sure you know what its default is during testing.
Download Wake on LAN Monitor
Make Sure Your Computer is Wake-on-LAN Ready
To enable the Wake-on-LAN feature, it first needs to be enabled in the BIOS. The option is usually quite obvious and should be easy to spot whether you have a more modern UEFI or a traditional BIOS.
In addition to this, you may have to enable another option to get WOL working. It’s called “PCI Devices power on” or “Power On By PCI-E” in the ACPI/APM configuration or power management settings. Some motherboards may have a similar option called “Resume by PCI-E Device/Intel Onboard LAN”. If you are not sure, turn all related options on and work backward when turning them off.
You also need to make sure the LAN driver in Windows has the WOL feature enabled. Right click on (My) Computer > Manage > Device Manager > Network adapters. Double click on your Ethernet controller and look in the Advanced tab for “Wake on LAN”, “Wake from shutdown”, “Wake on Magic Packet” or similar.
Make sure it’s enabled. Also, go into the Power Management tab and check “Allow the computer to turn off this device to save power”, “Allow this device to wake the computer”, and optionally “Only allow magic packets to wake the computer”.
While the system is switched off, make sure power is still getting to the network adapter by checking to see if the light is on near the connector on the motherboard or card. If not there is no power going to it then other settings may need adjusting.
Disabling Windows Fast Start-up
In addition to the BIOS and network adapter settings above, there is another option in Windows 8/10/11 that can stop Wake-on-LAN from working. And this can happen even if Wake on LAN Monitor has confirmed magic packets are being sent and received correctly.
The option is called “Fast start-up” by Windows which is like a modified hibernate. While it can speed up boot times from power down, the computer doesn’t listen for incoming magic packets in this mode. To get Wake-on-LAN to work, the option needs to be disabled.
Disable Fast Start-up From Control Panel
1. Open Control Panel and go to Power Options. On the left side of the window, click the blue “Choose what the power buttons do” link.
2. In the Shutdown settings section, you will see the “Turn on fast start-up (recommended)” option. If this is already unchecked, then it’s not causing a problem with your Wake-on-LAN. Simply uncheck the box and click Save changes.
3. The option may be enabled but greyed out if you are not an administrator or have UAC turned on. If you find this is the case, simply click the “Change settings that are currently unavailable” link near the top. You can now turn off fast start-up.
Disable Fast Start-up From Command Prompt
This option will completely disable hibernation and therefore hybrid boot on your system and the fast start-up option will disappear from Control Panel’s power options.
Powercfg -h off
Open an administrator Command Prompt and enter the above command. If you tried the Control Panel option first and found the check box was not there, this is probably why. Changing off to on will obviously bring the option back.
Disable Fast Start-up From The Registry
This last method simply unchecks the fast start-up box in Power Options as if you went into Control Panel and unchecked it yourself. The only difference is you don’t need to open Command Prompt or Control Panel to do it. Simply download and double click on the Hiberboot_off.reg file to import the data.
Download Fast Start-up Registry Files
Another .REG file is included in the Zip archive to enable the option again should you wish to do so.