Последнее обновление: 31.10.2015
TrackBar
TrackBar представляет собой элемент, который с помощью перемещения ползунка позволяет вводить числовые значения.
Некоторые важные свойства TrackBar:
-
Orientation: задает ориентацию ползунка — расположение по горизонтали или по вертикали
-
TickStyle: задает расположение делений на ползунке
-
TickFrequency: задает частоту делений на ползунке
-
Minimum: минимальное возможное значение на ползунке (по умолчанию 0)
-
Maximum: максимальное возможное значение на ползунке (по умолчанию 10)
-
Value: текущее значение ползунка. Должно находиться между Minimum и Maximum
Свойство TickStyle
может принимать ряд значений:
-
None
: деления отсутствуют -
Both
: деления расположены по обеим сторонам ползунка -
BottomRight
: у вертикального ползунка деления находятся справа, а у горизонтального — снизу -
TopLeft
: у вертикального ползунка деления находятся слева, а у горизонтального — сверху (применяется по умолчанию)
К наиболее важным событиям элемента следует отнести событие Scroll, которое позволяет обработать перемещение
ползунка от одного деления к другому. Что может быть полезно, если нам надо, например, устанавливать соответствующую громкость звука в
зависимости от значения ползунка, либо какике-нибудь другие настройки:
public partial class Form1 : Form { public Form1() { InitializeComponent(); // установка обработчика события Scroll trackBar1.Scroll+=trackBar1_Scroll; } private void trackBar1_Scroll(object sender, EventArgs e) { label1.Text = String.Format("Текущее значение: {0}", trackBar1.Value); } }
Timer
Timer является компонентом для запуска действий, повторяющихся через определенный промежуток времени. Хотя он не является
визуальным элементом, но его аткже можно перетащить с Панели Инструментов на форму:
Наиболее важные свойства и методы таймера:
-
Свойство Enabled: при значении true указывает, что таймер будет запускаться вместе с запуском формы
-
Свойство Interval: указывает интервал в миллисекундах, через который будет срабатывать обработчик события Tick, которое есть у таймера
-
Метод Start(): запускает таймер
-
Метод Stop(): останавливает таймер
Для примера определим простую форму, на которую добавим кнопку и таймер. В файле кода формы определим следующий код:
public partial class Form1 : Form { int koef = 1; public Form1() { InitializeComponent(); this.Width = 400; button1.Width = 40; button1.Left = 40; button1.Text = ""; button1.BackColor = Color.Aqua; timer1.Interval = 500; // 500 миллисекунд timer1.Enabled = true; button1.Click += button1_Click; timer1.Tick += timer1_Tick; } // обработчик события Tick таймера void timer1_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (button1.Left == (this.Width-button1.Width-10)) { koef=-1; } else if (button1.Left == 0) { koef = 1; } button1.Left += 10 *koef; } // обработчик нажатия на кнопку void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { if(timer1.Enabled==true) { timer1.Stop(); } else { timer1.Start(); } } }
Здесь в конструкторе формы устанавливаются начальные значения для таймера, кнопки и формы.
Через каждый интервал таймера будет срабатывать обработчик timer1_Tick
, в котором изменяется положение
кнопки по горизонтали с помощью свойства button1.Left
. А с помощью дополнительной переменной koef
можно управлять направлением движения.
Кроме того, с помощью обраотчика нажатия кнопки button1_Click
можно либо остановить таймер (и вместе с ним движение
кнопки), либо опять его запустить.
Индикатор прогресса ProgressBar
Элемент ProgressBar служит для того, чтобы дать пользователю информацию о ходе выполнения какой-либо задачи.
Наиболее важые свойства ProgressBar:
-
Minimum: минимальное возможное значение
-
Maximum: максимальное возможное значение
-
Value: текущее значение элемента
-
Step: шаг, на который изменится значение Value при вызове метода
PerformStep
Для имитации работы прогрессбара поместим на форму таймер и в коде формы определим следующий код:
public partial class Form1 : Form { public Form1() { InitializeComponent(); timer1.Interval = 500; // 500 миллисекунд timer1.Enabled = true; timer1.Tick += timer1_Tick; } // обработчик события Tick таймера void timer1_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e) { progressBar1.PerformStep(); } }
The TrackBar control (System.Windows.Forms.TrackBar) looks like a slider with a thumb that you can move to adjust its value. The part where the thumb points represent the current value. The following shows you how a track bar looks like.
Figure 1
The user can slide the thumb to the left or to the right or you can change the orientation to vertical so you can slide the thumb up or down. Each tick marks below represents a value, with the lowest being in the left or bottom, and the highest in the right or top. Let’s take a look at some properties of the TrackBar control.
Property | Description |
---|---|
LargeChange | The value to add or subtract when the user presses the Page Up or Page Down key or when he/she clicks either side of the TrackBar. |
Maximum | Specifies the maximum value that the TrackBar can handle. It is also the value of the rightmost or topmost tick. |
Minimum | Specifies the minimum value that the TrackBar can handle. It is also the value of the leftmost or bottommost tick. |
Orientation | Determines whether the introduction of the TrackBar is Horizontal or Vertical. |
SmallChange | Specifies the value added or subtracted when the user presses the arrow keys to move the thumb of the TrackBar. |
TickFrequency | Specifies how frequent the ticks will show depending on the range of value. |
TickStyle | Specifies the position where the ticks will show. Possible values are: None: Don’t show the ticks. Bottom: Show the ticks at the bottom. Top: Show the ticks at the top. Both: Show the ticks at both top and bottom. |
Value | Contains the current value specified by the TrackBar. |
Figure 2 – TrackBar Properties
The TrackBar control uses the Scroll event to react to the scrolling of the thumb of the TrackBar.
Let’s look at an example program that shows you how to use the TrackBar control. Create a new Windows Forms Application and add three track bars and labels. The TrackBar can be found in the All Windows Forms section of the Toolbar. Also add a panel control and set it’s BackColor property to Black.
Name the three track bars as trackBarRed, trackBarGreen, and trackBarBlue. Set their Maximum property to 255 and TickFrequency to 15. Switch to Code View and type the following event handler that will be used by the three track bars.
private void trackBar_Scroll(object source, EventArgs e)
{
int red = trackBarRed.Value;
int green = trackBarGreen.Value;
int blue = trackBarBlue.Value;
Color color = Color.FromArgb(red, green, blue);
panelColor.BackColor = color;
}
Example 1
Go back to the Designer and select each track bar. Go to the Events section of the Properties Window and find the Scroll event then choose the trackBar_Scroll which is the event handler we created.
Inside the event handler, we used the Value property of each track bar and stored it to three variables. These three values represent the RGB values of a color. We created a System.Drawing.Color object and used the FromArgb() method with the values of the track bars. We then changed the BackColor of the panel with the new color constructed based on the values of the track bars.
Run the program and slide the different track bars and notice how the color of the panel changes.
<< Back to C-SHARP
Use the TrackBar control in Windows Forms. Access the Value property.
TrackBar provides a slider control. It allows the user to select a value from the slider by dragging on it. In Visual Studio we change many aspects of the TrackBar, including its orientation and appearance.
And: We add an event handler to execute code (written in C#) whenever the TrackBar is used.
Start. To begin, let’s add a TrackBar control to your Windows Forms program. Make sure the Toolbox is open and double-click on the TrackBar icon. Next, you can adjust properties on the TrackBar by right-clicking it and selecting Properties.
Further: You can add event handlers by clicking on the lightning bolt. Many event handlers are available.
Vertical, Horizontal. You may want to use a vertical TrackBar instead of a horizontal TrackBar. Fortunately, the Windows Forms developers thought of this. You can change the Orientation property to Vertical instead of the default, which is Horizontal.
Note: Check the layout of the TrackBar in the following screenshot. It is laid out vertically.
LargeChange, SmallChange. These indicate what intervals the slider changes when manipulated. LargeChange is number of steps taken when the page up or page down keys are pressed, and also when the user clicks where the slider is not located.
SmallChange: This meanwhile determines how far the slider moves when the user presses up or down on the keyboard.
Minimum, Maximum. You can also set the Minimum and Maximum properties on the TrackBar in the Properties window. When you change Minimum and Maximum, the dimensions of the TrackBar will not change. However, the scale of the numbers and ticks will.
Note: The TrackBar will simply resize its scale to suit the Minimum and Maximum you choose.
Ticks. The TrackBar also allows you to change how its tick marks are styled, and how many tick marks are drawn for the total TrackBar scale. If you change TickStyle to Both, you can have ticks on both the top and bottom of the TrackBar.
And: If you increase the TickFrequency past the value of one, you can reduce the number of tick lines that are drawn.
Scroll. An important event handler on the TrackBar control is the Scroll event handler. To create the Scroll event handler, you can double-click on the TrackBar when you see it in Windows Forms.
Tip: In the body of the method trackBar1_Scroll, you can mutate other properties in your program based on the Value property of the TrackBar.
Here: In this program, we change the window title bar whenever the TrackBar is scrolled.
C# program that uses Scroll event handler
using System;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace WindowsFormsApplication6
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void trackBar1_Scroll(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
// Set the window title text each time a scroll occurs.
this.Text = «Value: « + trackBar1.Value;
}
}
}
Summary. It is perhaps one the less-used Windows Forms controls. But the TrackBar can be valuable in some programs. It is a versatile and configurable control and fits well with the concept of Windows Forms as a framework.
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Wpf
TrackBar. This provides a slider control. It allows the user to select a value from the slider by dragging on it. We change many aspects of the TrackBar, including its orientation and appearance.
Value property. With the trackbar, we can access the Value property to get a result from the user interaction. We can then use this value elsewhere in the program.
To begin, let’s add a TrackBar control. An important event handler on the TrackBar control is the Scroll event handler. To create the Scroll event handler, you can double-click on the TrackBar.
Tip In the body of the method trackBar1_Scroll, you can mutate other properties in your program based on the Value property of the TrackBar.
Here In this program, we change the window title bar whenever the TrackBar is scrolled.
using System;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace WindowsFormsApplication6
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void trackBar1_Scroll(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
// Set the window title text each time a scroll occurs.
this.Text = «Value: « + trackBar1.Value;
}
}
}
Vertical, Horizontal. You may want to use a vertical TrackBar instead of a horizontal TrackBar. You can change the Orientation property to Vertical instead of the default, which is Horizontal.
LargeChange, SmallChange. LargeChange is number of steps taken when the page up or page down keys are pressed, and also when the user clicks where the slider is not located.
And SmallChange meanwhile determines how far the slider moves when the user presses up or down on the keyboard.
Next When you change Minimum and Maximum, the dimensions of the TrackBar will not change. However, the scale of the numbers and ticks will.
Also With Ticks, we can change how the TrackBar’s tick marks are styled, and how many tick marks are drawn for the total TrackBar scale.
Summary. The TrackBar can be valuable in some programs. It is a versatile and configurable control and fits well with the concept of Windows Forms as a framework.
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This page was last updated on Dec 24, 2024 (simplify).
Windows Forms TrackBar элемент управления (также элемент управления «ползунок») используется для просмотра сведений большого объема или для визуальной настройки числовых параметров. TrackBar Управления состоит из двух частей: ползунка и делений. Бегунок является часть, которая может настраиваться. Его положение соответствует Value свойство. Деления — это визуальные индикаторы, расположенные с регулярными интервалами. Ползунок перемещается с шагом, которые могут быть выровнены горизонтально или вертикально. Например можно использовать полосы прокрутки для управления мерцания курсора скорость или мыши скорости для системы.
Ключевые свойства
Ключевые свойства TrackBar управления Value, TickFrequency, Minimum, и Maximum. TickFrequency — это интервал делений. Minimum и Maximum — это наименьшее и наибольшее значения, которые могут быть представлены на полосе прокрутки.
Два важных свойства: SmallChange и LargeChange. Значение SmallChange свойство — количество позиций, перемещается в ответ на нажатии клавиши влево или Стрелка вправо. Значение LargeChange свойство — количество позиций бегунка переходит в ответ на нажатии клавиши PAGE UP или PAGE DOWN или в ответ на мыши, нажимает на любой стороны от бегунка полосы прокрутки.
См. также
- TrackBar
- Элемент управления TrackBar