Скрипт для перемещения файлов в windows

1. Создание и шаринг сетевой папки;
2. Формирование batch (cmd) скрипта;
3. Настройка компоненты Task Scheduler для выполнения задач и раз в минуту;

Приступаем к последовательной настройке.

Создание сетевой папки (шаринг)

Итак, дано: есть сервер А (источник файлов) и сервер Б (получатель файлов). На сервере А мы создали директорию, из которой мы будем забирать файлы. Мы назвали ее source, а на сервере Б, который является сервером назначения, мы создали директорию Destination, в которую мы будем складывать файлы. Разобрались.

Подключаемся к серверу Б. Создаем директорию Destination, нажимаем на нее правой кнопкой мыши, выбираем Properties (свойства). В открывшемся окне, переходим во вкладку Sharing (общий доступ) и нажимаем кнопку Share (общий доступ). Вот как эта опция выглядит в русской и английском интерфейсах:

Картинка с сайта: wiki.merionet.ru

После нажатия, необходимо выбрать группы пользователей, которым будет видна эта директория. Если нет особых требований к безопасности и это изолированный сетевой сегмент или лаборатория, то можно выбрать Everyone (все). После выбора нажимаем Share. Готово, вот что у нас получилось:

Картинка с сайта: wiki.merionet.ru

На скриншоте выше красным цветом отмечен Network Path (сетевой путь). Это путь, по которому мы будем обращаться к этой папке. Сохраните его.

Важно! Обратите внимание, что в Network Path, как правило, будет указан путь вида %ИМЯ_ХОСТА%/Destination, где %ИМЯ_ХОСТА% — это имя компьютера, на котором расположена папка Destination. Важно, чтобы это имя резолвилось (разрешалось в IP — адрес) на хосте, где будет размещена папка Source (это сервер А). Можете добавить это имя и IP – адрес в локальный файл C:WindowsSystem32driversetc в Windows.

Батник – batch скрипт

В самом начале статьи мы озвучили небольшой roadmap (дорожную карту) по нашим работам. На сервере А (источник файлов) создайте файл с названием movefiles.bat.

Важно! Расширение файла movefiles должно быть именно bat

В созданный файл добавляем следующий код:

robocopy C:Source \%ИМЯ_ХОСТА%Destination *.* /E /XD \%ИМЯ_ХОСТА%Destination /move

Если у вас не работает команда robocopy в скрипте, попробуйте заменить ее на xcopy

Сохраняем скрипт в корневом каталоге диска С, например.

Планировщик задач | Task Scheduler

Открываем Task Scheduler в Windows. После открытия, нажимаем на Create Basic Task в меню справа. Даем имя и описание нашему заданию:

Картинка с сайта: wiki.merionet.ru

В меню далее выбираем ежедневное выполнение нашего скрипта:

Картинка с сайта: wiki.merionet.ru

Ставим выполнение задачи на 00:00:00:

Картинка с сайта: wiki.merionet.ru

В Action выбираем Start a program:

Картинка с сайта: wiki.merionet.ru

Далее, указываем путь до нашего скрипта, который создавали ранее — movefiles.bat:

Картинка с сайта: wiki.merionet.ru

В финальном окне смотрим, что у нас получилось. Если все ОК, как у нас, то нажимаем Finish:

Картинка с сайта: wiki.merionet.ru

Отлично. Переходим в свойства свежесозданной таски (задачи) и во вкладке General отмечаем Run whether user is logged on or not и чекбокс Run with highest privileges.

Картинка с сайта: wiki.merionet.ru

Далее, там же, в свойствах, переходим во вкладку Triggers, двойным нажатием открываем свойства уже созданного там триггера (Daily) и делаем вот что:

• Отмечает чекбокс Repeat task every;
• В поле, сразу после Repeat task every вписываем 1 mnute;

Картинка с сайта: wiki.merionet.ru

Нажимаем ОК.

Тестируем

Итак, давайте протестируем, что у нас получилось. На сервере А в папку Source кладем тестовый текстовый файл:

Картинка с сайта: wiki.merionet.ru

Проверяем на сервере Б в директории Destination:

Картинка с сайта: wiki.merionet.ru

1. Understanding Batch Scripts

2. Basic Syntax of the MOVE Command

3. Using Conditional Statements

4. Conclusion

5. FAQ

Картинка с сайта: www.delftstack.com

Moving files efficiently is a crucial task for anyone who works with computers, whether you’re managing a small project or handling large datasets. Batch scripts offer a powerful and straightforward way to automate file management tasks on Windows.

In this tutorial, we will explore how to move files using batch scripts, providing you with the necessary commands and examples to streamline your workflow. By the end of this article, you’ll be equipped with the knowledge to create your own batch files that can move files seamlessly, saving you time and effort.

Understanding Batch Scripts

Batch scripts are simple text files containing a series of commands that the Windows command line interpreter executes in sequence. They are particularly useful for automating repetitive tasks, such as file management. By using batch scripts, you can move files from one location to another without having to manually drag and drop them.

The primary command used for moving files in a batch script is MOVE. This command allows you to specify the source location of the file you want to move and the destination where you want it to go.

Basic Syntax of the MOVE Command

The syntax for the MOVE command is straightforward:

MOVE [source] [destination]

Here, source indicates the file or folder you want to move, and destination is the target location.

Example of Moving a Single File

Let’s start with a simple example. Suppose you have a file named example.txt located in C:\Users\YourName\Documents, and you want to move it to C:\Users\YourName\Desktop. The batch script would look like this:

@echo off
MOVE C:\Users\YourName\Documents\example.txt C:\Users\YourName\Desktop

Output:

In this script, @echo off prevents the commands from being displayed in the command prompt, creating a cleaner output. The MOVE command then takes the specified file from the Documents folder and moves it to the Desktop. This method is efficient for moving single files and can be easily modified to accommodate different file names and locations.

Moving Multiple Files

You can also move multiple files at once using wildcards. For instance, if you want to move all .txt files from the Documents folder to the Desktop, your batch script would look like this:

@echo off
MOVE C:\Users\YourName\Documents\*.txt C:\Users\YourName\Desktop

Output:

This command uses the *.txt wildcard to select all text files in the specified directory. Wildcards are a powerful feature that allows you to batch process multiple files without needing to specify each one individually. This can save considerable time, especially when dealing with large numbers of files.

Using Conditional Statements

Batch scripts can also incorporate conditional statements to enhance functionality. For example, you might want to check if a file exists before attempting to move it. Here’s how you can implement that:

@echo off
IF EXIST C:\Users\YourName\Documents\example.txt (
    MOVE C:\Users\YourName\Documents\example.txt C:\Users\YourName\Desktop
) ELSE (
    echo File not found.
)

Output:

In this script, the IF EXIST statement checks whether example.txt is present in the Documents folder. If the file exists, it proceeds with the MOVE command. If not, it outputs a message indicating that the file was not found. This approach adds a layer of safety to your file management tasks, preventing errors that could arise from attempting to move non-existent files.

Conclusion

In this article, we explored how to move files using batch scripts, from basic commands to more advanced techniques like using wildcards and conditional statements. Batch scripting is a valuable skill that can significantly enhance your productivity, especially when managing files on Windows. By automating these tasks, you can focus on more critical aspects of your work. Start experimenting with batch scripts today, and you’ll find that moving files becomes a breeze.

FAQ

1. What is a batch script?
   A batch script is a text file containing a series of commands that are executed by the command line interpreter in Windows.

2. Can I move folders using a batch script?
   Yes, you can move entire folders using the same MOVE command by specifying the folder path as the source.

1. What is the purpose of using wildcards in batch scripts?
   Wildcards allow you to select multiple files at once based on specific patterns, making it easier to manage large groups of files.

2. How do I create a batch script?
   You can create a batch script by opening a text editor, writing your commands, and saving the file with a .bat extension.

3. Can I schedule batch scripts to run automatically?
   Yes, you can use Windows Task Scheduler to schedule batch scripts to run at specified times or events.

PowerShell is a powerful scripting language that can help you automate various tasks on your Windows and Linux system. One of the common tasks that you may need to perform is moving files from one location to another. In this blog post, I will show you how to use PowerShell to move files with different scenarios and options.

Moving a Single File

To move a single file, you can use the Move-Item cmdlet with the following syntax:

Move-Item -Path -Destination

For example, to move a file named test.txt from C:\Temp to C:\Backup, you can run the following command:

Move-Item -Path C:\Temp\test.txt -Destination C:\Backup

Картинка с сайта: www.thomasmaurer.ch

This will move the file test.txt to the Backup folder and delete it from the Temp folder. You can use the -PassThru parameter, which will return the moved file object as output. For example:

Move-Item -Path C:\Temp\test.txt -Destination C:\Backup -PassThru

This will move the file test.txt to the Backup folder and display its properties on the console.

Moving All Files in a Folder

To move all files in a folder, you can use the wildcard character (*) to specify the source files. For example, to move all files in C:\Temp to C:\Backup, you can run the following command:

Get-ChildItem -Recurse -Path C:\temp\* | Move-Item -Destination C:\Backup

This will move all files in the Temp folder to the Backup folder and delete them from the Temp folder.

Moving All Files and Subfolders

To move all files and subfolders in a folder, you can use the -Recurse parameter, which will include all child items in the source path. For example, to move all files and subfolders in C:\Temp to C:\Backup, you can run the following command:

Move-Item -Path C:\Temp\* -Destination C:\Backup -Recurse

This will move all files and subfolders in the Temp folder to the Backup folder and delete them from the Temp folder.

Overwriting an Existing File

By default, PowerShell will not overwrite an existing file in the destination folder if it has the same name as a source file. You will get an error message like this:

Move-Item : Cannot create a file when that file already exists.

To overwrite an existing file, you can use the -Force parameter, which will replace any existing file with the same name. For example, to overwrite a file named test.txt in C:\Backup with a file named test.txt in C:\Temp, you can run the following command:

Move-Item -Path C:\Temp\test.txt -Destination C:\Backup -Force

This will replace the file test.txt in the Backup folder with the file test.txt from the Temp folder.

Conclusion

In this blog post, I have shown you how to use PowerShell to move files with different scenarios and options. You can use the Move-Item cmdlet with various parameters to customize your file moving operations. I hope you found this post useful and learned something new. If you have any questions or feedback, please leave a comment below.

If you want to learn more PowerShell tricks when working with Microsoft Azure, check out my blog post 6 Command Line (PowerShell & CLI) Tips & Tricks for Microsoft Azure you should know about!

Tags: file, Linux, Microsoft, Move, Move Files, PowerShell, Windows, Windows Server Last modified: May 6, 2024

About the Author / Thomas Maurer

Thomas works as a Principal Program Manager & Chief Evangelist Azure Hybrid at Microsoft (Cloud + AI). He engages with the community and customers around the world to share his knowledge and collect feedback to improve the Azure hybrid cloud and edge platform. Prior to joining the Azure engineering team (Cloud + AI), Thomas was a Lead Architect and Microsoft MVP, to help architect, implement and promote Microsoft cloud technology.

If you want to know more about Thomas, check out his blog: www.thomasmaurer.ch and Twitter: www.twitter.com/thomasmaurer