Pip install psycopg2 error windows

Description

Environment: Windows 10, msys2, python 3.9, pip 22.3, venv
pip install psycopg2, pip install psycopg2-binary both failed.

Expected behavior

No response

pip version

22.3.1

Python version

3.9.11

OS

Windows 10

How to Reproduce

Using venv, console log. Using python 3.9.11

(.venv) PS C:\Users\my\proj> pip install psycopg2
Collecting psycopg2
  Using cached psycopg2-2.9.5.tar.gz (384 kB)
  Preparing metadata (setup.py) ... done
Building wheels for collected packages: psycopg2
  Building wheel for psycopg2 (setup.py) ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error

  × python setup.py bdist_wheel did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [44 lines of output]
      running bdist_wheel
      running build
      running build_py
      creating build
      creating build\lib.mingw_x86_64-3.9
      creating build\lib.mingw_x86_64-3.9\psycopg2
      copying lib\errorcodes.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-3.9\psycopg2
      copying lib\errors.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-3.9\psycopg2
      copying lib\extensions.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-3.9\psycopg2
      copying lib\extras.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-3.9\psycopg2
      copying lib\pool.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-3.9\psycopg2
      copying lib\sql.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-3.9\psycopg2
      copying lib\tz.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-3.9\psycopg2
      copying lib\_ipaddress.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-3.9\psycopg2
      copying lib\_json.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-3.9\psycopg2
      copying lib\_range.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-3.9\psycopg2
      copying lib\__init__.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-3.9\psycopg2
      running build_ext
      building 'psycopg2._psycopg' extension
      creating build\temp.mingw_x86_64-3.9
      creating build\temp.mingw_x86_64-3.9\psycopg
      gcc -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -march=x86-64 -mtune=generic -O2 -pipe -march=x86-64 -mtune=generic -O2 -pipe -DPSYCOPG_VERSION=2.9.5 (dt dec pq3 ext lo64) -DPSYCOPG_DEBUG=1 -DPG_VERSION_NUM=150001 -DHAVE_LO64=1 -DPSYCOPG_DEBUG=1 -IC:\Users\my\proj\.venv\include -IC:\msys64\mingw64\include\python3.9 -I. -IC:/PROGRA~1/POSTGR~1/15/include -IC:/PROGRA~1/POSTGR~1/15/include/server -c psycopg\adapter_asis.c -o build\temp.mingw_x86_64-3.9\psycopg\adapter_asis.o -O3 -fno-strict-aliasing
      In file included from ./psycopg/config.h:164,
                       from ./psycopg/psycopg.h:38,
                       from psycopg\adapter_asis.c:28:
      ./psycopg/win32_support.h:43:6: error: #elif with no expression
         43 | #elif
            |      ^
      In file included from ./psycopg/psycopg.h:38,
                       from psycopg\adapter_asis.c:28:
      ./psycopg/config.h:108:12: warning: 'pthread_mutex_init' defined but not used [-Wunused-function]
        108 | static int pthread_mutex_init(pthread_mutex_t *mutex, void* fake)
            |            ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
     
      It appears you are missing some prerequisite to build the package from source.
     
      You may install a binary package by installing 'psycopg2-binary' from PyPI.
      If you want to install psycopg2 from source, please install the packages
      required for the build and try again.
     
      For further information please check the 'doc/src/install.rst' file (also at
      <https://www.psycopg.org/docs/install.html>).
     
      error: command 'C:\\msys64\\mingw64\\bin\\gcc.exe' failed with exit code 1
      [end of output]

  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for psycopg2
  Running setup.py clean for psycopg2
Failed to build psycopg2
Installing collected packages: psycopg2
  Running setup.py install for psycopg2 ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error

  × Running setup.py install for psycopg2 did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [44 lines of output]
      running install
      running build
      running build_py
      creating build
      creating build\lib.mingw_x86_64-3.9
      creating build\lib.mingw_x86_64-3.9\psycopg2
      copying lib\errorcodes.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-3.9\psycopg2
      copying lib\errors.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-3.9\psycopg2
      copying lib\extensions.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-3.9\psycopg2
      copying lib\extras.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-3.9\psycopg2
      copying lib\pool.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-3.9\psycopg2
      copying lib\sql.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-3.9\psycopg2
      copying lib\tz.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-3.9\psycopg2
      copying lib\_ipaddress.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-3.9\psycopg2
      copying lib\_json.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-3.9\psycopg2
      copying lib\_range.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-3.9\psycopg2
      copying lib\__init__.py -> build\lib.mingw_x86_64-3.9\psycopg2
      running build_ext
      building 'psycopg2._psycopg' extension
      creating build\temp.mingw_x86_64-3.9
      creating build\temp.mingw_x86_64-3.9\psycopg
      gcc -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -march=x86-64 -mtune=generic -O2 -pipe -march=x86-64 -mtune=generic -O2 -pipe -DPSYCOPG_VERSION=2.9.5 (dt dec pq3 ext lo64) -DPSYCOPG_DEBUG=1 -DPG_VERSION_NUM=150001 -DHAVE_LO64=1 -DPSYCOPG_DEBUG=1 -IC:\Users\my\proj\.venv\include -IC:\msys64\mingw64\include\python3.9 -I. -IC:/PROGRA~1/POSTGR~1/15/include -IC:/PROGRA~1/POSTGR~1/15/include/server -c psycopg\adapter_asis.c -o build\temp.mingw_x86_64-3.9\psycopg\adapter_asis.o -O3 -fno-strict-aliasing
      In file included from ./psycopg/config.h:164,
                       from ./psycopg/psycopg.h:38,
                       from psycopg\adapter_asis.c:28:
      ./psycopg/win32_support.h:43:6: error: #elif with no expression
         43 | #elif
            |      ^
      In file included from ./psycopg/psycopg.h:38,
                       from psycopg\adapter_asis.c:28:
      ./psycopg/config.h:108:12: warning: 'pthread_mutex_init' defined but not used [-Wunused-function]
        108 | static int pthread_mutex_init(pthread_mutex_t *mutex, void* fake)
            |            ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
     
      It appears you are missing some prerequisite to build the package from source.
      
      You may install a binary package by installing 'psycopg2-binary' from PyPI.
      If you want to install psycopg2 from source, please install the packages
      required for the build and try again.
     
      For further information please check the 'doc/src/install.rst' file (also at
      <https://www.psycopg.org/docs/install.html>).
     
      error: command 'C:\\msys64\\mingw64\\bin\\gcc.exe' failed with exit code 1
      [end of output]

  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
error: legacy-install-failure

× Encountered error while trying to install package.
╰─> psycopg2

note: This is an issue with the package mentioned above, not pip.
hint: See above for output from the failure.

pip install psycopg2-binary also has same result, same problem.

In pip package site, I had download psycopg2-2.9.5 for python 3.9 wheel files to install but failed.

(.venv) PS C:\Users\my\Downloads> pip install .\psycopg2-2.9.5-cp39-cp39-win_amd64.whl
ERROR: psycopg2-2.9.5-cp39-cp39-win_amd64.whl is not a supported wheel on this platform.

(.venv) PS C:\Users\my\Downloads> pip install .\psycopg2-2.9.5-cp39-cp39-win32.whl
ERROR: psycopg2-2.9.5-cp39-cp39-win32.whl is not a supported wheel on this platform.

Does the msys2 might be problem?

В процессе установки psycopg2 — популярного адаптера PostgreSQL для Python — может возникнуть некоторое количество проблем. Одной из самых распространенных

В процессе установки psycopg2 — популярного адаптера PostgreSQL для Python — может возникнуть некоторое количество проблем. Одной из самых распространенных является ошибка pg_config executable not found.

Вот типичный пример ситуации: при попытке установить psycopg2 через pip (pip install psycopg2) в терминале выводится сообщение об ошибке:

Error: pg_config executable not found.

Please add the directory containing pg_config to the PATH

or specify the full executable path with the option:

    python setup.py build_ext --pg-config /path/to/pg_config build ...

or with the pg_config option in 'setup.cfg'.

Command python setup.py egg_info failed with error code 1

Это означает, что система не может найти исполняемый файл pg_config, который необходим для установки psycopg2.

В большинстве случаев проблема решается добавлением пути к исполняемому файлу pg_config в переменную окружения PATH. Если команда which pg_config возвращает путь к исполняемому файлу, то он должен быть добавлен в PATH. Это можно сделать с помощью следующей команды в терминале:

export PATH=$PATH:/path/to/pg_config

Тем не менее, бывают случаи, когда даже после добавления пути к pg_config в PATH ошибка не исчезает. В этом случае можно попробовать указать полный путь к pg_config во время установки psycopg2:

python setup.py build_ext --pg-config /path/to/pg_config build ...

Если и это не помогает, нужно проверить, действительно ли в указанной директории находится исполняемый файл pg_config. Если он там есть, то возможно, проблема в правах доступа. В таком случае помочь может запуск команд с правами суперпользователя (sudo).

Важно учесть, что в разных операционных системах могут быть свои нюансы при установке psycopg2 и работе с переменными окружения. Например, на RHEL 5.5 могут потребоваться дополнительные действия.

В любом случае, не стоит отчаиваться при возникновении проблем — Python обладает большим и активным сообществом, где всегда можно найти помощь.

При установке библиотеки psycopg2-binary на Windows Server возникает следующая ошибка:

PS C:\Users\Administrator> pip install psycopg2-binary
Collecting psycopg2-binary
Using cached psycopg2-binary-2.9.5.tar.gz (384 kB)
Preparing metadata (setup.py) … error
error: subprocess-exited-with-error

× python setup.py egg_info did not run successfully.
│ exit code: 1
╰─> [53 lines of output]
C:\Program Files\Python311\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\config\setupcfg.py:508: SetuptoolsDeprecationWarning: The
license_file parameter is deprecated, use license_files instead.
warnings.warn(msg, warning_class)
running egg_info
creating C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Temp\2\pip-pip-egg-info-nncb05me\psycopg2_binary.egg-info
writing C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Temp\2\pip-pip-egg-info-nncb05me\psycopg2_binary.egg-info\PKG-INFO
writing dependency_links to C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Temp\2\pip-pip-egg-info-nncb05me\psycopg2_binary.
egg-info\dependency_links.txt
writing top-level names to C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Temp\2\pip-pip-egg-info-nncb05me\psycopg2_binary.e
gg-info\top_level.txt
writing manifest file ‘C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Temp\2\pip-pip-egg-info-nncb05me\psycopg2_binary.egg-i
nfo\SOURCES.txt’
Traceback (most recent call last):
File «», line 2, in
File «», line 34, in
File «C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Temp\2\pip-install-uqul28l8\psycopg2-binary_607e67f7b17746ffa6fc3b5a0
adee5bd\setup.py», line 550, in
setup(name=»psycopg2-binary»,
File «C:\Program Files\Python311\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\__init__.py», line 87, in setup
return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File «C:\Program Files\Python311\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\core.py», line 185, in setup
return run_commands(dist)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File «C:\Program Files\Python311\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\core.py», line 201, in run_commands
dist.run_commands()
File «C:\Program Files\Python311\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\dist.py», line 968, in run_commands
self.run_command(cmd)
File «C:\Program Files\Python311\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\dist.py», line 1217, in run_command
super().run_command(command)
File «C:\Program Files\Python311\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\dist.py», line 987, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File «C:\Program Files\Python311\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\command\egg_info.py», line 308, in run
self.find_sources()
File «C:\Program Files\Python311\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\command\egg_info.py», line 316, in find_sources
mm.run()
File «C:\Program Files\Python311\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\command\egg_info.py», line 560, in run
self.add_defaults()
File «C:\Program Files\Python311\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\command\egg_info.py», line 597, in add_defaults
sdist.add_defaults(self)
File «C:\Program Files\Python311\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\command\sdist.py», line 106, in add_defaults
super().add_defaults()
File «C:\Program Files\Python311\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\command\sdist.py», line 252, in add_def
aults
self._add_defaults_ext()
File «C:\Program Files\Python311\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\command\sdist.py», line 336, in _add_de
faults_ext
build_ext = self.get_finalized_command(‘build_ext’)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File «C:\Program Files\Python311\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\cmd.py», line 306, in get_finalized_com
mand
cmd_obj.ensure_finalized()
File «C:\Program Files\Python311\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\cmd.py», line 109, in ensure_finalized
self.finalize_options()
File «C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Temp\2\pip-install-uqul28l8\psycopg2-binary_607e67f7b17746ffa6fc3b5a0
adee5bd\setup.py», line 382, in finalize_options
for token in pg_config_helper.query(«ldflags»).split():
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File «C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Temp\2\pip-install-uqul28l8\psycopg2-binary_607e67f7b17746ffa6fc3b5a0
adee5bd\setup.py», line 125, in query
result = result.decode(‘ascii’)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
UnicodeDecodeError: ‘ascii’ codec can’t decode byte 0xed in position 0: ordinal not in range(128)
[end of output]

note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
error: metadata-generation-failed

× Encountered error while generating package metadata.
╰─> See above for output.

note: This is an issue with the package mentioned above, not pip.
hint: See above for details.

В чём может быть проблема? PostgreSQL и Visual Studio установлены.

In Python, ModuleNotFoundError: No module named ‘psycopg2’ error occurs if we try to import the ‘psycopg2-binary‘ module without installing the package or if you have not installed it in the correct environment.

In this tutorial, let’s look at installing the psycopg2-binary module correctly in different operating systems and solve ModuleNotFoundError: No module named ‘psycopg2’ error.  

There are various reasons why we get the ModuleNotFoundError: No module named ‘psycopg2’ error

• Trying to use the module- without installing the psycopg2-binary package.
• If the IDE is set to the incorrect version of the Python/Python interpreter.
• You are using the virtual environment and the psycopg2-binary module is not installed inside a virtual environment
• Installing the psycopg2-binary package in a different version of Python than the one which is used currently.
• Declaring a variable name as the module name(psycopg2-binary)

If you are getting an error installing pip, checkout pip: command not found to resolve the issue.

How to fix ModuleNotFoundError: No module named ‘psycopg2’?

psycopg2-binary is not a built-in module (it doesn’t come with the default python installation) in Python; you need to install it explicitly using the pip installer and then use it.  

Psycopg is the most popular PostgreSQL database adapter for the Python programming language. Its main features are the complete implementation of the Python DB API 2.0 specification and the thread safety (several threads can share the same connection).

We can fix the error by installing the ‘psycopg2-binary‘ module by running the pip install psycopg2-binary command in your terminal/shell.

We can verify if the package is installed correctly by running the following command in the terminal/shell.

This will provide the details of the package installed, including the version number, license, and the path it is installed. If the module is not installed, you will get a warning message in the terminal stating WARNING: Package(s) not found: psycopg2-binary.

pip show psycopg2-binary

Output

Name: psycopg2
Version: 2.9.3
Summary: psycopg2 - Python-PostgreSQL Database Adapter
Home-page: https://psycopg.org/
Author: Federico Di Gregorio
Author-email: fog@initd.org
License: LGPL with exceptions
Location: c:\personal\ijs\python_samples\venv\lib\site-packages

Solution 1 – Installing and using the psycopg2-binary module in a proper way

Based on the Python version and the operating system you are running, run the relevant command to install the psycopg2-binary module.

# If you are using Python 2 (Windows)
pip install psycopg2-binary

# if you are using Python 3 (Windows)
pip3 install psycopg2-binary

# If the pip is not set as environment varibale PATH
python -m pip install psycopg2-binary

# If you are using Python 2 (Linux)
sudo pip install psycopg2-binary

# if you are using Python 3 (Linux)
sudo pip3 install psycopg2-binary

# In case if you have to easy_install
sudo easy_install -U psycopg2-binary

# On Centos
yum install psycopg2-binary

# On Ubuntu
sudo apt-get install psycopg2-binary

# If you are installing it in Anaconda 
conda install -c conda-forge psycopg2-binary

Once you have installed the psycopg2-binary module, we can now import it inside our code and use it as shown below.

import psycopg2

# Connect to your postgres DB
conn = psycopg2.connect("dbname=test user=postgres")

# Open a cursor to perform database operations
cur = conn.cursor()

# Execute a query
cur.execute("SELECT * FROM my_data")

# Retrieve query results

Solution 2 – Verify if the IDE is set to use the correct Python version

If you are still getting the same error even after installing the package, you can verify if the IDE you are using is configured with the correct version of the Python interpreter.

For Eg:- In the case of Visual Studio Code, we can set the Python version by pressing CTRL + Shift + Por (⌘ + Shift + P on Mac) to open the command palette.

Once the command palette opens, select the Python interpreter and select the correct version of Python and also the virtual environment(if configured) as shown below.

Картинка с сайта: itsmycode.com

Solution 3 – Installing psycopg2-binary inside the virtual environment

Many different IDEs like Jupyter Notebook, Spyder, Anaconda, or PyCharm often install their own virtual environment of Python to keep things clean and separated from your global Python.

If you are using VS Code, then you can also create a virtual environment, as shown below.

In the case of virtual environments, you need to ensure that the psycopg2-binary module needs to be installed inside the virtual environment and not globally.

Step 1: Create a Virtual Environment. If you have already created a virtual environment, then proceed to step 2.

Step 2: Activate the Virtual Environment

Step 3: Install the required module using the pip install command

# Create a virtual Environment
py -3 -m venv venv

# Activate the virtual environment (windows command)
venv\Scripts\activate.bat

# Activate the virtual environment (windows powershell)
venv\Scripts\Activate.ps1

# Activate the virtual environment (Linux)
source venv/bin/activate

# Install psycopg2-binary inside the virtual environment
pip install psycopg2-binary

Solution 4 – Ensure that a module name is not declared name a variable name.

Last but not least, you may need to cross-check and ensure that you haven’t declared a variable with the same name as the module name.

You should check if you haven’t named any files as psycopg2.py as it may shadow the original psycopg2-binary module.

If the issue is still not solved, you can try removing the package and installing it once again, restart the IDE, and check the paths to ensure that packages are installed in the correct environment path and Python version.

Conclusion

The ModuleNotFoundError: No module named ‘psycopg2’ error occurs when we try to import the ‘psycopg2-binary‘ module without installing the package or if you have not installed it in the correct environment.

We can resolve the issue by installing the psycopg2-binary module by running the pip install psycopg2-binary command. Also, ensure that the module is installed in the proper environment in case you use any virtual environments, and the Python version is appropriately set in the IDE that you are running the code.