How to transfer files from linux to windows

Transferring files between Linux and Windows might seem tricky at first, especially if you’re new to working across different operating systems. Now, whether you’re sharing documents, moving project files, or backing up data, knowing how to transfer files between these two platforms is very important.

In this blog, we’ll walk you through simple and effective methods to transfer files from Linux to Windows. From using shared networks and USB drives to leveraging powerful tools like Samba, SSH, and cloud services, we’ve got you covered. No matter your level of expertise, this guide will help you choose the best method for your needs and ensure your files are transferred quickly and securely.

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Methods to How To Transfer File From Linux To Windows

Explore this section to get three methods that will help you in-order to transfer file form Linux system to Windows system.

Method 1: Using SSH Transfer Protocol with PuTTy

One of the easiest methods to transfer files from Linux (Ubuntu) to Windows OS is to use PuTTy pscp (PuTTy Secure Copy Client). PuTTy is used to create a client-server link to connect both platforms via a Wireless connection. PuTTy is a free open-source SSH client which works across multiple platforms and has become a mode for easy file transfers across platforms.

Step 1: Install SSH

• To start with Install SSH if you don’t have it in your Linux OS. Follow the Command prompt codes to do so.

Ubuntu/Debian OS

sudo apt update
sudo apt install ssh-server
sudo service ssh start

Red Hat and other Linux-based OS

sudo yum install openssh-server
sudo systemctl start sshd

Step 2: Install PuTTy

• Install PuTTy in your system if you don’t have it. Otherwise, ignore this step. If you want to install PuTTy in your Linux OS, follow the command prompt lines below:

For Ubuntu and Linux Mint OS

For Ubuntu, you’ll need to access the universal repository available and install PuTTy there. Hence, there are additional commands to access the universal repository below:

sudo add-apt-repository universe
sudo apt update
sudo apt install putty

For Debian OS

sudo apt-get putty

For Arch Linux OS

sudo pacman -S putty

For RHEL, Fedora, CentOS, AlmaLinux

sudo dnf install putty

For others

sudo yum install putty

Now you have successfully installed PuTTy in your Linux OS. Now, you can use it for file transfer from Linux to Windows and vice-versa. Similarly, you can also download PuTTy in Windows OS.

Step 3: Start Transferring Files

Transfer files across different OS. It becomes easy using PuTTy pscp (PuTTy Secure Copy Client). Simply provide the source path and the destination paths for file transfer and the files would be transfered.

Point to Note

In this case, the IP address of a sample Linux system is 192.168.0.18. Let’s see the skeletal structure of the command prompt line we’ll need to type:

[path_where_pscp_is_downloaded]>pscp user@[host:source destination]

Example 1:

For example, assume that PuTTy pscp is downloaded on the Windows Program Files directory and we’ll need to transfer files from Linux to Windows OS to send a file called “a.txt”. Follow the command prompt code below:

C:\Program Files\PuTTY>pscp user@192.168.0.18:/tmp/a.txt \Users\<username>

Example 2:

For vice-versa, to store the file in a new directory follow the code below:

Important: Check whether the directory exists or else, you’ll get an error. You can use the following command to create a new directory:

mkdir <directory_name>

C:\Program Files\PuTTY>pscp \Users\<username>\a.txt user@192.168.0.18:/<directory_name>

Now, you’ve successfully transferred files from Linux OS to Windows OS and vice-versa.

Method 2: Using FTP with FileZilla or Shared Network Folders

Another simple method used for file transfer is using FTP (File Transfer Protocol). This is the easiest method since this involves no coding/ command lines. Let’s see how to do that. If you don’t have FileZilla, check out How to install FileZilla on Windows. After installing FileZilla, follow the following steps.

Step 1: Download and Install FileZilla on Windows

• To trasnfer file from Linux to Windows you need a FTP server and for this you need to install FileZilla on Windows

Step 2: Open FileZilla

• Once the installation process is over open FileZilla on you Windows system.

Step 3: Open File

• Navigate to “File” section and select “Site Manager” after opening FileZilla.

Step 3: Choose SFTP Protocal

• Change the protocol to SFTP.

Step 4: Add Your Linux Address

• Type your Linux Address in the Host coloumn, which in this case is 192.168.0.18.

Step 5: Modify General Settings

• Under the General section, go to “Logon Type” and select “Normal” as shown in the image below:

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Step 6: Enter the User Credentials

• Enter the Username and Password of the Linux OS machine.

Step 7: Share Files

• After all the 6 steps are done, click “Connect”.
• Now you’ve created a client-server connection with SFTP between Linux and Windows OS. After the connection is created, it is simply a matter of dragging and dropping files between the platforms mentioned earlier.

Method 3: Using SMB Protocol

One other way of transferring files from Linux to Windows is by connecting both OS systems using the SMB (Server Message Block) protocol. SMB can be used both in Windows and Linux to initiate a connection to share and transfer files.

Step 1: Use/ Install Samba in Linux

• Samba is an open-source software which provides clients with file and print services in a Windows-based network. This software supports connections between Windows systems and can be used to transfer files.
• To install Samba, type the following commands in your Linux terminal.

sudo apt install samba -y

• After successfully installing samba-client, check its status by typing the command:

systemctl status smbd

Step 2: Create a shared directory

• When transferring files from Linux to Windows, create a shared directory which will be used by both Linux and Windows OS. Follow the command below to see how to do so.

mkdir <directory_of_your_choice>

• Give administrative permission using the chmod command.

chmod 777 <directory_of_your_choice>

Note: There are several numbers in chmod which are used to give specific permissions. They are

• 777— everyone can read, write and edit (full access)
• 755— Owners can read, write and execute, and group users can read and edit the file.
• 644— Only owners can read, write and execute the files. The other people included by the owner can only view the file.

Step 3: Create a New uUer Specifically for File-Sharing

• While sharing files, create a new user whose account will be used for the sharing/ transfer of files. The command for this is

useradd <username>

Step 4: Give an SMB Password for the User

• To facilitate SMB protocol under the user, you must create an SMB password by executing the command below

smbpasswd -a <username>

• Then type out the password in the terminal.

Step 5: Edit the Config File in Samba Using Any Editor (or nano)

• Type out the command below

sudo nano /etc/samba/smb.conf

• After opening the file, scroll to the bottom of the file and add the following lines.

path = <directory_of_your_choice>
valid users = <username>
read only = no
browsable = yes
public = yes
writable = yes
browsable = yes

• Save and exit the file, then check if everything was edited and saved successfully by running the following command.

testparm

Step 6: Find the IP Address of Your Linux System

• Using ifconfig, find the IP address of your Linux system.

ifconfig wlo1

• Your IP address will be shown below:

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Step 7: Connect to the Network from the Windows Side

• Launch the “Run” program by pressing the “Windows button” and “R”. Then type the IP address of the Linux system you got from the previous step. Type the IP address with two slashes before it.

• This will open the Linux-shared folders. Now you can view it and transfer files in between.

Methods 4 Use USB Drive (Easiest Method)

If you do not want to do any scription tasks or do not want to use FTP, then you can simple use USB drive to share files between Linux to Windows systems. Just insert your USB drive and copy all the files into the USB drive that you want to transfer into Windows. Once the copying task is completed, eject the USB drive from your Linux system, insert it into Windows system, and paste in anywhere in your Windows system.

Conclusion

Successfully transferring files from Linux to Windows can streamline your workflow and ensure that your data is accessible across different platforms. Whether you choose to use network sharing, SCP, or a USB drive, the methods covered in this guide provide you with the tools you need for efficient Linux to Windows file transfer. Understanding these techniques will help you handle cross-platform data management with ease.

Also Read

• How to Download a File from a Server with SSH / SCP?
• How to Troubleshoot SSH Connection Issues?
• How To Transfer Files From Android to iPhone?

Many people find themselves needing to transfer files from Linux to Windows, whether it’s for work or personal projects. Navigating between these two operating systems might seem daunting, but it doesn’t have to be.

There are several tools and methods to streamline this process: SCP, SMB, and pscp command utilities are just a few that make it manageable.

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Each method has its own benefits. For example, the SCP command uses a secure connection, perfect for transfers involving sensitive data. If someone uses Ubuntu, Debian, or other distributions like Fedora or CentOS, these Linux tools are readily available. Windows users can also leverage applications like PuTTY to assist in the process.

Understanding File Transfer Fundamentals

When transferring files between Linux and Windows, understanding network basics and various file transfer protocols is key. This helps in choosing the right method for different needs, such as speed and security.

The Role of Networks in File Transfer

A network allows devices to communicate and share data. Each device in a network has a unique IP address, like its own digital address. When transferring files from Linux to Windows, these IP addresses are essential. They help in locating both devices.

Security is important. This is where authentication comes in. It confirms that only authorized users can access files. Without proper authentication, data could get into the wrong hands, kind of like leaving your house unlocked.

Connections over networks can use SSH (Secure Shell) for secure transfers. It’s like sending a package with a lock that only the receiver can open. Over SSH, methods like SFTP (SSH File Transfer Protocol) and SCP (Secure Copy Protocol) ensure that the transfer remains secure.

File Transfer Protocols Overview

Different protocols serve different purposes.

SFTP and SCP are built on SSH for secure transfers. SFTP, for example, works like an encrypted post office, ensuring data privacy. SCP provides a simpler way for secure file transfer over a network in one go.

FTP (File Transfer Protocol), on the other hand, is less secure but works fast. It resembles delivering packages at high speed but without seals. Speed might compromise security, making it ideal for non-sensitive data.

Here’s a quick comparison:

Choosing the right protocol depends on the file’s sensitivity and transfer speed requirements. Understanding each allows users to make informed decisions, ensuring efficient and safe file transfers.

Setting Up Secure File Transfer Methods

Secure file transfer between Linux and Windows is crucial for protecting data from unauthorized access. Learn how to install and configure OpenSSH, use SCP for secure file transfers, and manage files with SFTP.

Installing and Configuring OpenSSH

OpenSSH is widely used for secure communications over an unsecured network. On an Ubuntu system, install OpenSSH server with:

sudo apt-get install openssh-server

Ensure the SSH server is running. Start the service using:

sudo systemctl start ssh

Configure it by editing the SSH configuration file at /etc/ssh/sshd_config. Set appropriate permissions and authentication methods. Restart the SSH service after any changes:

sudo systemctl restart ssh

Check the SSH server status:

sudo systemctl status ssh

The server should be operational for file transfers.

Using SCP for Secure Transfers

SCP, short for Secure Copy Protocol, is an efficient tool for transferring files securely. It uses SSH for authentication. From a Windows terminal or PowerShell, run:

scp user@source_IP:/path/to/source-file /path/to/destination

Replace user, source_IP, and file paths with actual details. SCP encrypts the data during transfer, ensuring confidentiality. If issues arise, ensure the SSH server runs smoothly and users have correct permissions.

Important Commands:

ssh user@IP

Leveraging SFTP for File Management

SFTP, or Secure File Transfer Protocol, also relies on SSH. It provides a secure channel to transfer files and manage directories. To start an SFTP session, use:

sftp user@host

Once connected, use familiar commands like get, put, cd, and ls to manage files and directories. SFTP clients, such as FileZilla, offer an intuitive interface, making it easy to drag and drop files.

Utilizing Network File Sharing with Samba

Using Samba to transfer files between Linux and Windows provides a streamlined way to access shared directories across different platforms. This section covers setting up a Samba share on Linux, accessing it from a Windows machine, and managing security and permissions to ensure safe file transfers.

To create a Samba share, begin with installing Samba on your Linux system, often using a simple command like sudo apt install samba. Once installed, the key configuration file, smb.conf, located in /etc/samba/, allows you to define shared directories.

Make sure to open smb.conf and add details about the shared folder. Define the path and permissions such as read/write access. A typical entry might look like this:

[SharedFolder]
   path = /path/to/shared/directory
   browsable = yes
   read only = no

After configuring smb.conf, create a Samba user using smbpasswd, which secures the transfer process. Simply use sudo smbpasswd -a username to add a new user. Restart Samba services to apply changes with sudo systemctl restart smbd. Your Linux setup is now ready to connect.

Accessing Samba Shares from Windows

Windows makes accessing a Samba share quite straightforward. Navigate to File Explorer and type \\[Linux Server IP]\[Shared Folder] in the address bar. If network discovery is on, you might see the Linux system under Network.

Ensure file and printer sharing are enabled in your Windows settings for smooth connectivity. Once connected, a prompt will request Samba credentials. Enter the username and password set previously. Access to the shared folder should now be available as if it was a local directory.

If connectivity issues arise, verify firewall settings on both systems. Also, ensure that both machines are on the same network for seamless sharing.

Managing Permissions and Security

Managing permissions in Samba is essential for secure file sharing. Within smb.conf, you can control who accesses what by specifying valid users. You might have:

[SharedFolder]
   valid users = @sambausers

The smbpasswd command plays a role here by controlling users’ access rights. Regularly updating these credentials increases security.

Additionally, settings like read only = yes can prevent unauthorized data modification, crucial for sensitive information. For external threats, firewalls must be configured to allow necessary Samba ports while blocking unwanted ones.

With these controls, a balance of accessibility and security is maintained, ensuring peace of mind when sharing files between Linux and Windows.

Alternative File Transfer Techniques

Transferring files from Linux to Windows can be done in various ways. Some methods use command-line tools, while others rely on graphical interfaces like FileZilla. Additionally, files can be transferred over HTTP for ease.

File Transfers Using Command-Line Tools

Command-line tools provide a quick way to transfer files between Linux and Windows. Tools like scp and pscp from PuTTY are widely used. They use SSH for secure file transfers. Netcat (nc) is another tool that can share files using the network. Users can also install Samba to use the SMB protocol for copying files. This method is popular as it integrates well with Windows.

Command-Line Tools: Common Commands

• scp: Secure copy of files
• pscp: PuTTY’s SCP for Windows
• nc: Netcat for networking

Graphical Applications and FileZilla

For those who prefer graphical interfaces, applications like FileZilla come in handy. A user can effortlessly set up an SFTP connection by entering their Linux server’s details.

FileZilla provides a user-friendly window where files can be dragged and dropped.

This is beneficial for large file transfers as it offers detailed status. Quite thoughtful, considering both beginners and tech-savvy people benefit from FileZilla’s simplicity.

Transferring Files via HTTP or Web Server

Another way to transfer files is by using an HTTP server. Setting up a simple web server like Apache on Linux lets users upload files.

One can access these files from Windows using web browsers or tools like wget and curl.

A server acts as the middleman, allowing files to be moved over the web. It’s as easy as setting up RDP.

This technique provides a widespread, network-friendly way to transfer data where there is no need for additional software on the receiving end.

Steps for HTTP File Transfer

• Install an HTTP server (e.g., Apache).
• Use a browser or curl/wget on Windows.
• Access files via the server’s IP in the browser.

This method is preferable for those familiar with network setups and wanting an efficient file transfer solution.

In today’s interconnected world, it’s common to find individuals and businesses using both Linux and Windows operating systems. Whether you’re a developer testing applications on different platforms, migrating from Windows to Linux, or simply need to back up data from a Windows machine to a Linux server, transferring files between these two systems is essential. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore various methods to transfer files from Linux to Windows, providing you with the knowledge and tools to seamlessly share data between these operating systems.

1. Transfer Files via SSH

Secure File Transfer Protocol (SFTP) and Secure Copy (SCP) are two secure methods to transfer files between Windows and Linux systems. Both protocols rely on the Secure Shell (SSH) protocol for secure authentication and data transfer. To begin, you’ll need to install an SSH server on either your Windows or Linux machine. In this guide, we’ll focus on transferring files from Linux to Windows.

To install the OpenSSH suite on your Linux machine, use the following command:

$ sudo apt install openssh-server

Once installed, you can use the SCP client to transfer files from Linux to Windows. PuTTY’s SCP utility, called PSCP, is a popular choice for Windows users. After installing PuTTY, you can transfer files using the following command format:

pscp <Source_File> <Windows_Username>@<Destination_Address>:<Destination_Directory>

For example, to transfer a file named file.txt from your Linux machine to the C:\Documents directory on your Windows machine, you can use the following command:

$ pscp file.txt windows_user@windows_machine:C:\Documents

By utilizing SCP and SSH, you can securely transfer files between Linux and Windows machines.

2. Transfer Files via SFTP

Transferring files from Linux to Windows using SFTP is another secure option. SFTP, based on the SSH protocol, enables secure file transfers with the convenience of a graphical user interface. To get started, you’ll need an SFTP client on your Windows machine, such as FileZilla.

After installing FileZilla, follow these steps to transfer files from Linux to Windows:

1. Launch FileZilla and open the Site Manager.
2. Create a new site and set the protocol to SFTP.
3. Enter the Linux machine’s hostname or IP address in the Host field.
4. Specify the Linux username and password for authentication.
5. Set the Logon Type to Normal and click Connect.

Once connected, you can easily navigate to files on your Linux machine and transfer them to your Windows machine by dragging and dropping them in the FileZilla interface. SFTP, like SCP, uses the SSH protocol to ensure secure file transfers.

3. Transfer Files Using VirtualBox

If you’re running Linux and Windows in a virtual machine environment using VirtualBox, you can conveniently transfer files between the host and guest machines. To set up file transfer, follow these steps:

1. Access the virtual machine settings in the VirtualBox Manager.
2. Navigate to the Shared Folders section.
3. Click the Add new shared folder icon.
4. Specify the host folder path and set the desired options.
5. Ensure the Auto-mount and Make Permanent options are selected.
6. Start the virtual machine and navigate to the shared folder in the guest OS.

With shared folders configured, you can easily move files between the host and guest machines by simply copying and pasting them. This method simplifies file transfer in a virtualized environment.

4. Transfer Files Using Remote Desktop Protocol

Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) provides another option for transferring files between Windows and Linux machines. By installing an RDP server on either system and using an RDP client on the other, you can easily move files. In this guide, we’ll focus on using xrdp, an RDP server for Linux.

To install xrdp on your Linux machine, use the following command:

$ sudo apt install xrdp

Next, configure xrdp to use the Xfce desktop environment:

$ sudo apt install xfce4
$ sudo sed -i.bak ‘/fi/a #xrdp multiple users configuration \n xfce-session \n’ /etc/xrdp/startwm.sh
$ sudo ufw allow 3389/tcp
$ sudo systemctl restart xrdp

Once xrdp is installed and configured, you can use the built-in Windows RDP client to initiate a remote desktop session with your Linux machine. Simply enter the Linux machine’s hostname or IP address, along with your Linux username, to establish the connection. Once connected, you can transfer files between the Windows and Linux machines by copying and pasting them.

5. Transfer Files Using HTTP Server

Another method to transfer files from Linux to Windows is by utilizing an HTTP server. This approach allows you to set up your own HTTP server or use an online service. Let’s explore how to transfer files using a local web server.

To set up a local web server on your Linux machine, you can use Apache, a popular open-source web server. Install Apache using the following command:

$ sudo apt install apache2

Once Apache is installed, place the files you want to transfer in the web server’s document root directory, typically located at /var/www/html. Ensure that the Apache service is running, and you can access the files by navigating to http://localhost or the IP address of your Linux machine from your Windows browser.

From your Windows machine, you can download the files by accessing the Linux machine’s web server. This method is convenient for transferring files over a local network or when setting up a temporary file sharing solution.

Conclusion

In this comprehensive guide, we have explored various methods to transfer files from Linux to Windows. Whether you prefer secure protocols like SCP and SFTP, leveraging virtualization with VirtualBox, using Remote Desktop Protocol, or setting up an HTTP server, each method offers its own advantages. By following the step-by-step instructions provided, you can seamlessly transfer files between Linux and Windows machines, enabling efficient collaboration and data sharing across operating systems.

Experiencing difficulties with your Device, check out our “How To” page on how to resolve some of these issues.