Графический интерфейс windows 2000

Advertisement

fish Shell is Really a Friendly Interactive Shell Which Be Used on GNU/Linux, OS X or UNIX Systems. fish is a user-friendly and Exotic Shell. Previously we have talked about UNIX Shell, Terminal and Terminal Emulators for providing the basic idea. On OS X, we usually use oh-my-zsh with iTerm2 and Homebrew as package manager. That oh-my-zsh can be replaced with fish Shell or at least can be tested for usability.

fish Shell : Basics

Exotic as the syntax are not from Bourne shell or C shell and certain features are enabled by default. Navigate to fishshell dot com on your browser to check the features of this Shell. It is possible to use fish on Windows with Cygwin. For general purpose, we are describing the basic usage of fish shell with OS X fish shell App, it is portable, no installation is needed. This will install fish on OS X (be careful, its not the portable one) :

For Debian 8.0, we will install in this way :

If you change Debian_8.0 to Debian_7.0 for Deb 7.0.

Картинка с сайта: thecustomizewindows.com

fish Shell : OS X Basic Usage For Testing

If you have downloaded that App for OS X on Desktop and your username is abhishekghosh, then if you run :

on iTerm2, instead of oh-my-zsh, you will be using fish shell portable version. It will give you the information to type help as command and hit the return key. It will open the webpage on default browser instead of normal command line options. It is optimized for GUI. Now, if you type :

You’ll see that you are getting automatic suggestions or incremental search. If you run ls -al command, you’ll feel that it is very fast. It is POSIX compliant shell, so normal usage like :

You’ll get abhishek-ghosh as return. fish has good syntax highlighting with error checking feature. Other things are written in the official website. We provided the basic idea.

Tagged With fish shell windows , friendly interactive shell , download fish shell windows , fish shell for windows

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Fish

Fish (friendly interactive shell; stylized in lowercase) is a Unix-like shell with a focus on interactivity and usability. Fish is designed to be feature-rich by default, rather than highly configurable,^[5] and does not adhere to POSIX shell standards by design.^[6]

Fish displays incremental suggestions as the user types, based on command history and the current directory. This functions similarly to Bash’s Ctrl+R history search, but is always on, giving the user continuous feedback while typing commands. Fish also includes feature-rich tab completion, with support for expanding file paths (with wildcards and brace expansion), environment variables, and command-specific completions. Command-specific completions, including options with descriptions, can be to some extent generated from the commands’ man pages, but custom completions can also be included with software or written by users of the shell.^[7]

The creator of Fish preferred to add new features as commands rather than syntax. This made features more discoverable, as the built-in features allow searching commands with options and help texts. Functions can also include human readable descriptions. A special help command gives access to all the fish documentation in the user’s web browser.^[8]

The syntax resembles a POSIX compatible shell (such as Bash), but deviates in many ways^[9]

# Variable assignment
#
# Set the variable 'foo' to the value 'bar'. 
# Fish doesn't use the = operator, which is inherently whitespace sensitive. 
# The 'set' command extends to work with arrays, scoping, etc.

> set foo bar
> echo $foo
bar
 
# Command substitution
#
# Assign the output of the command 'pwd' into the variable 'wd'. 
# Fish doesn't use backticks (``), which can't be nested and may be confused with single quotes (' '). 

> set wd (pwd)
> set wd $(pwd) # since version 3.4
> echo $wd
~

# Array variables. 'A' becomes an array with 5 values:
> set A 3 5 7 9 12
# Array slicing. 'B' becomes the first two elements of 'A':
> set B $A[1 2]
> echo $B
3 5
# You can index with other arrays and even command 
# substitution output:
> echo $A[(seq 3)]
3 5 7
# Erase the third and fifth elements of 'A'
> set --erase A[$B]
> echo $A
3 5 9

# for-loop, convert jpegs to pngs
> for i in *.jpg
      convert $i (basename $i .jpg).png
  end

# fish supports multi-line history and editing.
# Semicolons work like newlines:
> for i in *.jpg; convert $i (basename $i .jpg).png; end



# while-loop, read lines /etc/passwd and output the fifth 
# colon-separated field from the file. This should be
# the user description.
> while read line
      set arr (echo $line|tr : \n)
      echo $arr[5]
  end < /etc/passwd

# String replacement (replacing all i by I)
> string replace -a "i" "I" "Wikipedia"
WIkIpedIa

Some language constructs, like pipelines, functions and loops, have been implemented using so called subshells in other shell languages. Subshells are child programs that run a few commands in order to perform a task, then exit back to the parent shell. This implementation detail typically has the side effect that any state changes made in the subshell, such as variable assignments, do not propagate to the main shell. Fish never creates subshells for language features; all builtins happen within the parent shell.

# This will not work in many other shells, since the 'read' builtin
# will run in its own subshell. In Bash, the right side of the pipe
# can't have any side effects. In ksh, the below command works, but
# the left side can't have any side effects. In fish and zsh, both
# sides can have side effects.
> cat *.txt | read line

This Bash example doesn’t do what it seems: because the loop body is a subshell, the update to $found is not persistent.

found=''
cat /etc/fstab | while read dev mnt rest; do
  if test "$mnt" = "/"; then
    found="$dev"
  fi
done

Workaround:

found=''
while read dev mnt rest; do
  if test "$mnt" = "/"; then
    found="$dev"
  fi
done < /etc/fstab

Fish example:

set found ''
cat /etc/fstab | while read dev mnt rest
  if test "$mnt" = "/"
    set found $dev
  end
end

Fish has a feature known as universal variables, which allows a user to permanently assign a value to a variable across all the user’s running fish shells. The variable value is remembered across logouts and reboots, and updates are immediately propagated to all running shells.

# This will make emacs the default text editor. The '--universal' (or '-U') tells fish to
# make this a universal variable.
> set --universal EDITOR emacs

# This command will make the current working directory part of the fish
# prompt turn blue on all running fish instances.
> set --universal fish_color_cwd blue

• Advanced tab completion (with support for writing custom completions).
• Syntax highlighting with extensive error checking.
• Support for the X clipboard.
• Smart terminal handling based on terminfo.
• Searchable command history.
• Web-based configuration (fish_config).

$var

${var[@]}

${var[*]}

"$var"

"${var[@]}"

$var

"${var[*]}"

"$var"

(expression)

fish -c expression

"$(expression)" 

<(expression)

(expression | psub)

!cmd && echo FAIL || echo OK

not command
and echo FAIL
or echo OK

var=value 

set var value

"${HOME/alice/bob}"

string replace alice bob $HOME

var=a.b.c
"${var#*.}"  #b.c
"${var##*.}" #c
"${var%.*}"  #a.b
"${var%%.*}" #a

string replace --regex '.*?\.(.*)' '$1' a.b.c #b.c
string replace --regex '.*\.(.*)' '$1' a.b.c  #c
string replace --regex '(.*)\..*' '$1' a.b.c  #a.b
string replace --regex '(.*?)\..*' '$1' a.b.c #a

export var 

set --export var 

local var

set --local var

unset var 

set --erase var 

test -v var

set --query var

var=( a b c ) 

set var a b c

for i in "${var[@]}"; do
  echo "$i"
done

for i in $var
  echo $i
end

"$@" 

$argv 

"$1" 

$argv[1] 

$#

(count $argv)

shift

set --erase argv[1]

PATH="$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin"

set PATH $PATH $HOME/.local/bin

LANG=C.UTF-8 python3 

env LANG=C.UTF-8 python3

$((10/3))

math '10/3'

$'\e'

\e 

'mom'\''s final backslash: \'

'mom\'s final backslash: \\'

• Comparison of command shells
• Unix

• Official website – containing documentation and downloads
• fish on GitHub (active)
• fish on Gitorious (obsolete)
• fish on SourceForge (obsolete)
• Fish-users – general discussion list for fish users
• Shell Translation Dictionary — another Bash/Fish translation table

Картинка с сайта: blog.mpotane.com

Let’s talk about why fish. Why not use zsh?

• Smart and user-friendly
• powerful features such as syntax highlighting, autosuggestions, and tab
  completions that simply work out of the box.
• No need to learn works without configuration (beginner-friendly).


Картинка с сайта: blog.mpotane.com

First, we need to install fish using the command:

# This will install fish and its dependencies.
sudo apt install fish

Now we need to set fish-shell as our default shell.

Картинка с сайта: blog.mpotane.com

copy this command at the end of the line.

# This will tell us the path of fish binary
# Copy it in the clipboard
which fish

# Use command sudo chsh -s <paste path of fish shell> <your username>
# Just like:
sudo chsh -s /usr/bin/fish username

Note: Restart your terminal and see if it works.

Картинка с сайта: blog.mpotane.com

Now we have fish as our default shell.

I previously stated that configuration is optional. Nonetheless, I will show
you how to configure it so that we have a less-boring shell.

How to inherit the system-wide environment variables on startup, from
bash?

Using the package bass we can solve just that.
First, we need to install a plugin manager in Fish called Fisher from
git.io/fisher.

# This will install fisher plugin manager for us.
curl -sL https://git.io/fisher | source && fisher install jorgebucaran/fisher

After installing we can now:

# this will update fisher as well as the plugins installed.
fisher update

Next, we will install bass from
https://github.com/edc/bass. To do
this we just use Fisher like this:

fisher install edc/bass

To use bass we can configure fish like so:

Картинка с сайта: blog.mpotane.com

🖊️ Copy the command in .config/fish/config.fish

# Inherit system-wide environment variables.
bass source /etc/profile

That completes the configuration.

Other notable plugins we can use:

# Autopair brackets & qoutes. 
fisher install jorgebucaran/autopair.fish

# Jump to folder easily.
fisher install jethrokuan/z

        

          Картинка с сайта: blog.mpotane.com
        
      

How to style fish using the starship cross-shell prompt?

Finally, we have come to the last part of this tutorial.

Have you noticed how attractive my shell is in comparison to yours? That’s
because I’m using a Starship preset. This will be quick, so follow me again.

To install it we use:

# This will install the latest package in your local bin directory. 
curl -sS https://starship.rs/install.sh | sh -s -- --bin-dir ~/.local/bin/

Next, we need to initialize it using our shell.

# Add this to your fish config.
starship init fish | source

Setting up the preset from
starship.rs

# Copy this command and we are good to go.
starship preset pastel-powerline > ~/.config/starship.toml

• Additional plugin for fisher

fisher install jorgebucaran/nvm.fish

👏 Excellent job!

Note: Restart your terminal to make sure all changes take effect.

Картинка с сайта: blog.mpotane.com

Don’t forget to follow 🌏 my socials and subscribe to my 💌 newsletter.