Cygwin for windows download — Ваш верный помощник с OS Windows

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Installing and Updating Cygwin Packages

Installing and Updating Cygwin for 64-bit versions of Windows

Run setup-x86_64.exe any time you want to
update or install a Cygwin package for 64-bit windows.

The gpg signature
for setup-x86_64.exe can be used to verify the
validity of this binary using the public
key here.

General installation notes

When installing packages for the first time, the setup program
does not install every package. Only the minimal base packages
from the Cygwin distribution are installed by default, which takes up about 100 MB.

Clicking on categories and packages in the setup program package installation
screen allows you to select what is installed or updated.

Individual packages like bash, gcc, less, etc.
are released independently of the Cygwin DLL, so the Cygwin DLL version is not
useful as a general Cygwin release number. The setup program
tracks the versions of all installed components and provides the mechanism
for installing or updating everything available from this site for
Cygwin.

Once you’ve installed your desired subset of the Cygwin distribution,
the setup program will remember what you selected, so re-running it
will update your system with any new package releases.

The setup program will check by default if it runs with administrative
privileges and, if not, will try to elevate the process. If you want to avoid
this behaviour and install under an unprivileged account just for your own
usage, run setup with the --no-admin option.

Q: How do I add a package to my existing Cygwin installation?

A: Run the setup program and select the package you want to add.

Tip: if you don’t want to also upgrade existing packages, select ‘Keep’ at the
top-right of the package chooser page.

Q: Is there a command-line installer?

A: Yes and no. The setup program understands
command-line
arguments which allow you to control its behavior and choose
individual packages to install. While this provides some functionality
similar to such tools as apt-get or yum it is not as
full-featured as those package managers.

Performing an automated installation can be done using the -q and
-P package1,package2,... options.

Q: Why not use `apt`, `yum`, my
favourite package manager, etc.?

A: The basic reason for not using a more full-featured package manager is that
such a program would need full access to all of Cygwin’s POSIX functionality. That
is, however, difficult to provide in a Cygwin-free environment, such as exists on
first installation. Additionally, Windows does not easily allow overwriting of
in-use executables so installing a new version of the Cygwin DLL while a package
manager is using the DLL is problematic.

Q: How do I install everything?

A: You do not want to do this! This will install an enormous number of packages
that you will never use, including debuginfo and source for every package.

If you really must do this, clicking on the «Default» label next to the
«All» category to change it to «Install» will mark every Cygwin package for
installation. Be advised that this will download and install tens of gigabytes
of files to your computer.

Q: How do I verify the signature of setup?

A: e.g.

$ gpg --recv-key 1A698DE9E2E56300
gpg: requesting key 1A698DE9E2E56300 from hkp server keys.gnupg.net
gpg: key 1A698DE9E2E56300: "Cygwin <cygwin@cygwin.com>" imported
gpg: 3 marginal(s) needed, 1 complete(s) needed, PGP trust model
gpg: depth: 0  valid:   8  signed:   2  trust: 0-, 0q, 0n, 0m, 0f, 8u
gpg: depth: 1  valid:   2  signed:   0  trust: 2-, 0q, 0n, 0m, 0f, 0u
gpg: Total number processed: 1
gpg:               imported: 1  (RSA: 1)

$ gpg --keyid-format=long --with-fingerprint --verify setup-x86_64.exe.sig setup-x86_64.exe
[...]
gpg: Signature made 12 Mar 2020 16:26:58 GMT
gpg:                using RSA key 1A698DE9E2E56300
gpg: Good signature from "Cygwin <cygwin@cygwin.com>"
Primary key fingerprint: 5640 5CF6 FCC8 1574 682A  5D56 1A69 8DE9 E2E5 6300

Q: What’s the hash of setup?

A: See here

Q: How can I do an offline install?

A1: Install without access to the internet, using a local package
repository

Create a local copy of the package repository e.g. by
using rsync on one
of the mirrors.
Move that copy to an accessible location, or copy it to removable media.
Run setup, and enter the URL, path or UNC path of that repository when
prompted to «Choose A Download Site».

A2: Install without access to the internet, using setup’s separate download
and install actions.

Run setup in «Download without installing» mode somewhere it can access a
mirror, with the desired packages selected.
Run setup again in «Install from local directory» mode, with the same «Local
package directory», and set of packages selected.

Q: How can I install the last Cygwin
version for an old, unsupported Windows version?

A: Run setup with the options --allow-unsupported-windows --site circa_URL:

Windows version	Setup version	Cygwin DLL version	circa URL
Windows 7 Windows Server 2008 R2 (NT 6.1) Windows 8 Windows Server 2012 (NT 6.2)	current	3.4.10	64-bit: http://ctm.crouchingtigerhiddenfruitbat.org/pub/cygwin/circa/64bit/2024/01/30/231215 Also use `--no-verify` with this URL.
Windows Vista Windows Server 2008 (NT 6.0) All 32-bit Windows	current	3.3.6	32-bit: http://ctm.crouchingtigerhiddenfruitbat.org/pub/cygwin/circa/2022/11/23/063457 or the URL for any sourceware mirror, followed by cygwin-archive/20221123 64-bit: http://ctm.crouchingtigerhiddenfruitbat.org/pub/cygwin/circa/64bit/2022/11/23/063529
Windows XP SP3 Windows Server 2003 (NT 5.1)	2.932 (32-bit, 64-bit)	2.5.2	32-bit: http://ctm.crouchingtigerhiddenfruitbat.org/pub/cygwin/circa/2016/08/30/104223 64-bit: http://ctm.crouchingtigerhiddenfruitbat.org/pub/cygwin/circa/64bit/2016/08/30/104235 Also use `--no-verify` with these URLs.
Windows 2000 (NT 5.0) Windows XP SP2	2.774	1.7.18	32-bit: http://ctm.crouchingtigerhiddenfruitbat.org/pub/cygwin/circa/2013/06/04/121035 Also use `--no-verify` with these URLs. Use `--only-site` rather than `--allow-unsupported-windows` with this setup version.

Thanks to
the Cygwin
Time Machine for providing this archive.

A note about 32-bit Cygwin

The limited address space of 32-bit Windows means that
random
failures in the fork(2) system call are more likely. Therefore, we
recommend using 32-bit Cygwin only in limited scenarios, with only a minimum
of necessary packages installed, and only if there’s no way to run 64-bit
Cygwin instead.

You have been warned. If you’re still sure you really need a 32-bit
Cygwin, and there’s absolutely no way around it, you may use
the setup-x86.exe installer, following the
instructions above. The gpg signature can be
used to verify the validity of this binary.

Q: How do I help improve setup?

A: See the setup
project page for more information.

GUI translations can be made and updated at
weblate.

Источник

Cygwin is an application that provides a UNIX emulation environment for Windows operating systems and allows you to run UNIX programs on such systems. It is possible to work both through the graphical interface and through the command line.

Cygwin consists of the cygwin1.dll DLL library, which acts as an emulator, providing the user with a POSIX interface, full system functionality, and a set of utilities that ensure full Linux compatibility. Cygwin works with all versions of the Windows operating system starting with Windows 95. Although the program is not the most affordable way to run Linux applications on a Windows PC (all source codes must be compiled into executable files by yourself), Cygwin still provides excellent Linux emulation, almost all programs from *nix systems are run.

Cygwin benefits users by providing a familiar UNIX emulation environment, allowing them to run UNIX programs on Windows operating systems.

By default, when installing Cygwin, only the base part is installed. To install the extended set, you need to select the category checkboxes you want to install during the installation process.

The program is rather convenient in work, for the advanced users who are more or less familiar with Windows operating system, is started on all modern 32-bit versions of Windows operating system.

Windows 95 or later version
At least 256MB RAM
At least 20MB free disk space
32 or 64-bit Windows architecture

Provides substantial Unix-like functionality on Windows operating systems.

Open-source, offering community support and frequent updates.

Offers a large number of tools and packages.

Installation process can be quite slow and complex.

Certain programs may not function optimally.

Updating can be time-consuming and arduous.

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